Electronic control unit detects ignition timing using vibration sensors tuned to specific frequency bandwidths for precise fuel injection.
Comparing actual and setpoint lambda deviations detects fuel discharge, preventing incorrect fault diagnoses during ethanol proportion measurement.
Correct voltage offset in two-point lambda sensors by analyzing delay times during air fuel mixture transitions to maintain precise lambda regulation.
Replacing laser welding with a cold press-fit method eliminates material warping and reduces manufacturing costs while maintaining precise sensor alignment.
A control device manages combustion cycles to verify emission reduction system functionality through periodic exhaust gas analysis.
Integrating heater voltage estimates sensor resistance to accelerate warm-up, reducing hydrocarbon emissions from open-loop cold starts.
Partial upstream shield blocks exhaust contaminants while maintaining direct air exposure for accurate responsiveness.
Correlating crankcase vent tube pressure with intake manifold pressure isolates PCV valve degradation signals from engine load noise without additional sensors.
Controller calculates heat flux and temperature at the piston rim to track cumulative damage, addressing inadequate real-world monitoring methods.
A portable measuring system determines exhaust gas characteristics by verifying constant engine operating modes and analyzing emission values.
Inner cover louver directs measurement gas flow toward the sensor element, preventing inter-cylinder gas mixing that reduces air/fuel ratio detection accuracy.
A gas sensor determines lambda air ratio using a temperature-dependent threshold for initial inverse voltage.
Cooler exhaust gas forms a cold wave through the converter, enabling precise detection of regional damage location and storage capacity loss.
System determines camshaft position by analyzing crankshaft signals and tooth patterns, reducing detection latency in four-stroke engines.
Compensating manufacturing tolerances in crank angle data enables accurate MFB50 estimation, reducing reliance on expensive cylinder pressure sensors.
Processor estimates transient errors from reference gas changes to maintain species concentration measurement accuracy.
A segmented gas sensor heater uses varying resistance per unit area to stabilize the temperature around the sensor electrode.