Phosphorylating lignin enhances char formation and reduces heat release rates to replace halogenated compounds.
Chemical treatment of stored biomass extracts lignin while minimizing microbial degradation and dry matter loss.
Gradual pressure reduction keeps lignin below its glass transition temperature, preventing equipment fouling and maximizing energy recovery.
Direct lignin particle precipitation from organic solvent and water extraction mixtures using simple pH adjustment eliminates complex milling steps.
Aqueous ionic liquid extraction removes copper, arsenic, and chromium from treated wood, enabling safe biofuel conversion.
Alkaline peroxide extraction with C1-4 alcohols yields sulfur-free lignin, avoiding traditional kraft process sulfur contamination.
Thermal treatment reduces methoxyl content in alkaline lignin, resolving low reactivity constraints for phenolic resin applications.
Replacing Bisphenol-A with lignin eliminates toxicity in metal food containers while maintaining protective performance.
Dissolves functionalized lignin in depolymerized carrier liquid to resolve solubility bottlenecks and enable efficient hydrotreatment.