A paramagnetic measuring system determines oxygen concentration in breathing gas mixtures using a magnet arrangement and heating structure.
A carburization sensing method uses magnetic strength correlation to determine detection thresholds for steel materials.
Electromagnetic induction drives a resonant conductor to map subsurface defects without invasive x-ray scanning or complex equipment setup.
Positioning members engage neighboring cells to guide the probe, eliminating internal guides and enabling sensor distribution across the entire cell length.
Individually controllable coil segments in a magnetostrictive collar improve signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity while managing device complexity.
Three-dimensional coordinate acquisition eliminates distortion from complex inspection surfaces, ensuring accurate flaw positioning and length evaluation.