Upstream flow measurement keeps supercritical fluid single-phase and accurately controlled, preventing substrate pattern collapse during drying.
Input-voltage sensing cuts PWM duty in a backlight boost circuit to infer load more accurately and prevent overheating or part breakdown.
Breeze-powered TENG nodes and optical links enable multi-sensor transmission line monitoring with lower power use and more reliable fused data.
Mixed-wave RF analysis tracks plasma density and temperature in substrate processing, enabling tighter control of film formation and etching.
Wireless power lets sensors monitor humidity, temperature, or gas inside sealed spaces without breaching walls or replacing batteries.
Input-voltage sensing lowers PWM duty in a boost backlight supply to cut load, power loss, and heat when low voltage raises breakdown risk.