A thin ferritic stainless steel layer protects conventional rebar from chloride corrosion while fitting high-throughput cold-spray production.
Orthogonal current and magnetic flux stabilize arc rotation while segmented gas flow protects the powder feed pipe and supports melting.
ALD-deposited oxide sealing layers seal pores and cracks in EBCs, limiting high-temperature steam ingress into CMC substrates.
Large aluminum droplets cause porosity and uneven surfaces; current pulses and magnetic flux enable controlled fine droplets.
Plasma cleaning and a sol-gel adhesion layer prepare metal matrix composite surfaces without exposing fibers, supporting durable bonding.
Axial powder feeding places the outlet in the plasma flame’s high-temperature zone, improving melting and utilization in small inner holes.
An iron-based amorphous alloy coating uses spray deposition and B, Si, or C additions to limit crystallization, porosity, and corrosion.