Pattern matching of natural-mercury reference spectra identifies peaks for accurate pulse-laser wavelength measurement.
Luminescent nanocrystal pixels on a transparent substrate convert electromagnetic radiation into chromatic output for angular and wavefront sensing.
Direct digital outputs from multi-FSR interferometers avoid ADCs and complex processing for compact, fast wavelength measurement.
Discrete focal positions let a microscope reconstruct accurate quantitative phase images with fewer imaging operations, improving measurement efficiency.