Adding water hydrolyzes organophosphite ligands to prevent catalyst poisoning and minimize heavies formation.
Recovers carbon from DHPO reject gases via steam reforming, improving efficiency without sacrificing conversion.
A pyrolysis chamber converts exhaust CO2 into syngas using carbonaceous material at elevated temperatures.
In situ extraction removes toxic butanol from the aqueous phase, allowing recombinant hosts to achieve higher titers and yields.
Partially decomposed catalyst on silica support oxidizes hydrocarbons to dimethyl carbonate, overcoming corrosive traditional methods.
Base-treated hydroxyapatite catalysts improve ethanol conversion to 1-butanol by reducing alkene and ether byproducts.
Copper desulfurizing agent removes sulfur from raw gas before rhodium catalyst contact.