Rolling load and forward slip are used to hold slab rolling friction at 0.15-0.25, preventing protrusion folding and surface defects.
A central-region contour control strategy keeps box-section rolled products uniform while avoiding concave profiles and unstable rolling.
Insulated heated expansion rings reshape casting roll crown during twin roll strip casting to maintain a stable strip thickness profile.
Real-time crown and flatness feedback corrects roll wear and thermal expansion errors to set bending force and shift values more accurately.
Controls the strip center profile while accepting edge drop, preventing concave contours and stabilizing box-profile rolling.
A center-protruding mandrel offsets thermal strain and tight winding effects to improve hot-rolled coil flatness and cut correction cost.
Scaling the mill matrix by equivalent movement ranges enables singular value decomposition to eliminate null space actuator saturation.
A rolling control method adjusts strip profile using true elongation strain distributions derived from buckling analysis.