Locking rings and annular tire modules replace adhesive bonding, making rim removal easier while reducing waste, mass, and replacement cost.
A recessed spoke-hole bearing surface spreads spoke tension loads, cutting galling and fatigue while keeping the rim lightweight.
Continuous and cut fiber zones around spoke seats prevent weak resin-only areas and air bubbles while improving rim stress response.
Flexible fibrous spokes and rounded or pivoting nipples reduce wheel weight, preserve strength, and simplify spoke alignment during assembly.
Offset spoke flanges create brake clearance inside the wheel hollow space, improving cantilever swing arm stability and maintenance access.
A threaded connection between rim portions cuts fastener count, reducing wheel weight and assembly complexity while preserving structural integrity.
A continuous-fibre spoke saddle and rim tab connector improves rim-to-spoke load transfer and reduces stress concentrations in composite wheels.