X-ray diffraction tracks graphite profiles at negative electrode tabs during discharge to detect tab disconnection without damaging the battery.
A movable valve seals the battery cell gas passage during transport, keeping gas tightness without a connected sensor and easing handling.
Controlled pressure plate cycling simulates battery swelling quickly, enabling precise module case and weld fatigue evaluation.
Partitioned battery chambers and barrier covers isolate thermal runaway tests, cutting cross-contamination, time, and resource use.
Multiple tab and lead probes measure resistance at welded joints to detect weak welding in lithium secondary batteries without damage.
Multiple probes measure each weld's resistance on cylindrical battery tabs, exposing weak joints that aggregate checks can miss.
Terahertz reflection inspection reveals electrolyte impregnation in intact battery cells, helping detect dry areas without disassembly.
Model-based thermal states and condensed battery data create high-resolution surface maps without dense thermocouples or heavy edge computing.