Initial COT signaling marks uncertain subband use, then updates refine duration and occupancy so UEs can run LBT with less overhead.
Automatically classifies wireless signals against stored profiles to detect spectrum changes and open frequencies in near real time.
Delay-tolerant signals are mapped into 5G NR gap periods so base stations and terminals keep processing time compliance without wasting radio resources.
Separating PDSCH and PRS across REs, RBs, or OFDM symbols enables multiplexing and better resource use on unlicensed bands.
Near real-time signal detection and baseline comparison classify wireless emissions and identify open spectrum across changing standards.
UE hopping across bandwidth parts in different component carriers expands hopping bandwidth to improve frequency diversity and mitigate interference.
Configured OFDM symbol sets let UE sidelink transmissions start after successful channel access, improving shared-spectrum compliance and bandwidth use.
Redundant LTE capability reports are reduced by merging carrier combinations with implicit sub-combination support, conserving signaling resources.
Grouping component carriers into a virtual carrier lets unified DCI schedule PDSCH resources with less control signaling and fewer blind decodes.
Independently allocated sub-channels across non-overlapping RB sets improve resource use while limiting unlicensed-band access conflicts.
When preconfigured positions are unavailable on an unlicensed channel, repeated transport blocks shift to the first available position for reliable decoding.
To address LBT delays and hidden-node interference, the receiving node scans channel availability and returns acknowledgement with quality data.