Second controller drives first inverter to start engine when primary unit fails.
A vehicle driving force control apparatus dynamically adjusts torque distribution ratios to balance energy efficiency and driving stability.
A torque control system clips wheel torque based on battery discharge power to maintain consistent acceleration.
Variable braking torque on the ring gear enables stepless ratio control, eliminating gear jumps and reducing structural complexity.
A vehicle system adjusts rear wheel torque via steering angle sensing to generate nose-dive pitching moments through specific suspension geometry.