Offset drive wheels and adjustable steering add lateral travel and center rotation while reducing rocking and extra stability wheels.
Dual Vernier processing fuses inductive and magnetic angle signals to improve multi-turn steering angle accuracy and robustness.
Calculating steering column tilt from two Cardan joint bending angles enables precise assist torque and actuator control without a tilt sensor.
When steer-by-wire fails, rear steering is maximized and front-wheel delta torque restores trajectory control with minimal energy use.
Cross-over switching between open- and closed-loop steering control reduces dead band, play, and drift for more precise vehicle response.
Independent electric wheel ends replace Ackerman linkages to enable pivot-in-place steering, wider wheel cut angles, and lower rolling resistance.
Independent rear steering with reversing and switch valves improves vehicle maneuverability and safety through accurate positioning and automatic centering.
A bicycle-model controller decouples yaw rate and lateral motion to keep dual-steered vehicles stable at high speed and on low-friction surfaces.
A corrosion-resistant bore coating and circumferential gap prevent bearing seizure in steering knuckles, easing removal and preserving alignment.
Curve radius and curvature guide steering ratio control so automated turns follow the target trajectory without driver grip changes.
A dynamically limited steering ratio change uses steering input and vehicle speed to prevent wheel movement during acceleration.
Inclined front and rear wheel axes with greater rear rotation help a skateboard curve smoothly while preserving a clear sideslip feel.
A bicycle-model controller sets front and rear axle angles from desired yaw rate and lateral velocity to keep two-steered-axle vehicles stable.
Rack target correction based on steering velocity and acceleration delays rapid wheel response to reduce driver discomfort.
Motor voltage sensing detects steering wheel rotation in idle steer-by-wire mode, then activates counter torque to save energy and reduce injury risk.
Reaction torque is adjusted from steering angle, vehicle speed, and motor torque to alert drivers to skid state through the wheel.
A pressure-sequenced locking actuator and load safety valves keep the rear steering cylinder centered and rigid during hydraulic failure.
Variable frequency-based reaction force control conveys road feel in steer-by-wire while limiting instability and steering wheel vibration.
By combining rotation and lateral translation signals, this wheel control approach turns a three-wheel vehicle smoothly in narrow passages.
Uses straight-line travel detection, distance thresholds, and filtered rack data to learn absolute zero offset in steer-by-wire steering.
Orientation sensing flags front or rear travel device neutral deviation, helping operators correct steering drift without interrupting work.
Model-based compensation torque control improves steering feel by offsetting inertia, damping, and friction in assisted steering.
Dynamic steering torque and travel limits give drivers tactile cues about reduced lateral response during brake-to-steer fallback.
A linear rack-and-pinion steering drive replaces self-locking worm gears to deliver faster, large-angle steering in slipform paving machines.
Resilient absorption elements convert road shock energy into stored deformation, reducing steering gear loads and protecting sensitive components.
Using end-stop references and incremental sensors, this case restores steering wheel and road wheel alignment without redundant absolute sensors.
When front wheel steering fails, locking its angle and coordinating rear wheel steering helps maintain stable vehicle direction.
A dual-algorithm rack force approach improves steering control accuracy while using low-complexity plausibility checks to protect safety.
A clutch constrains tie rod and input shaft motion before motor actuation, limiting ground-impact rear wheel steering and cutting power use.
Switching deviation-compensation states by driver input and motor restriction helps prevent unwanted steering wheel movement and discomfort.