Standardized box core modules let one SPD plug assembly switch between series and parallel varistor layouts for wider voltage and surge-current coverage.
Event-triggered isolator switches split series-connected storage cells into safer voltage sections to prevent arcs, injury, and fire.
Secondary capacitors and decoupling resistors rapidly discharge clamping capacitors, limiting overvoltage peaks in aircraft DC breakers.
A rotatable linkage swing rod lets one microswitch signal failure across multiple surge protection modules, cutting structure, size, and cost.
A hollow meltable member exposes a low-melting bottom layer to speed over-voltage blowing while limiting molten metal and reconnection risk.