A hot stamped article uses controlled cooling to form bainite microstructures for enhanced local deformability.
Upper surface guide with discharge holes prevents overflow from high-volume cooling water density, maintaining uniform temperature control.
Oblique protector plates shield tube-shaped nozzles from collision while enabling efficient drainage and uniform cooling across the steel width.
A control device determines a refrigerant volume progression to remove heat from a rolling product segment during its passage through the cooling track.
Segmented heating and cooling zones manage slab temperatures to resolve complexity trade-offs in pipe steel manufacturing.
Cooling apparatus adjusts heat transfer coefficients across zones to suppress temperature standard deviation and prevent sheet thickness changes.
A cooling zone establishes a longitudinal temperature profile across metal strips to lower yield stress at the strip head and tail.
Integrated on-line cooling equipment controls temperature gradients between passes, eliminating double bulging and improving yield.
Online quenching during hot rolling eliminates offline tempering, reducing energy consumption by 15% while maintaining surface Brinell hardness of 330-390.
A cooling control method calculates heat transfer coefficients from entry-side temperatures to determine top and bottom water density ratios for steel plates.