Controlled sulfur, titanium, and niobium ratios create titanyl sulfate hydrate powder that dissolves quickly for redox flow battery electrolytes.
Baking zircon with concentrated sulphuric acid converts bulk impurities into water-leachable sulphates for subsequent extraction.
Sulfuric acid digestion replaces energy-intensive smelting to recover vanadium from vanadiferous titanomagnetite.
Magnetic separation extracts iron oxides from anatase ore, enabling efficient titanium solubilization without chemical reduction steps.