A tethered relay UUV docks and deploys untethered inspection vehicles, extending access to hard-to-reach submerged areas without draining tanks.
A tethered UUV carrying a docked secondary UUV uses optical links to inspect submerged structures without draining tanks or limiting access.
Adaptive line-of-sight guidance and disturbance-rejection pitch control improve depth tracking of underactuated underwater vehicles under coupling and disturbances.
Deployable semi-rigid arms and position sensors let an autonomous subsea vehicle track underwater structures closely without vessel-based ROV costs.