2D Material Dispersions via Water-Soluble Grinding Media

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Solution Overview

Problem

2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets face challenges in dispersibility and stability in water and aqueous solutions, leading to aggregation and potential health hazards due to their high surface area and low functionality, with existing methods using organic solvents posing environmental concerns.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the creation of a dispersing medium with a water-soluble grinding media and wetting agent, applying shear and crushing forces to reduce particle size and enhance dispersion stability, using polymers like Laropal LR 9008 and wetting agents like Surfynol 104, to achieve stable dispersions in water.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets are dispersed in water or aqueous solutions, then the dispersion stability is poor and aggregation occurs, but using organic solvents improves dispersibility while posing environmental concerns

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedispersion stabilityVSAvoidenvironmental harm from organic solvents
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces water-soluble grinding media and wetting agents as intermediary substances to facilitate the dispersion of hydrophobic 2D materials in aqueous environments. These mediators bridge the incompatibility between the hydrophobic nanoplatelets and hydrophilic water, enabling stable dispersion without requiring harmful organic solvents.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the dispersing system by using water-soluble polymers and surfactants that change the interfacial properties between the 2D materials and water. This parameter change allows the system to achieve stable dispersion through enhanced wetting and steric stabilization rather than relying on organic solvent chemistry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stability of the object's composition

If shear and crushing forces are applied to reduce particle size, then dispersion stability improves, but the complexity of the manufacturing process increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedispersion stabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple functions into a single manufacturing step: the water-soluble grinding media simultaneously acts as both the grinding medium for particle size reduction and as a dispersing agent for stabilization. This merging eliminates the need for separate grinding and dispersion steps, reducing overall process complexity despite the application of mechanical forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The water-soluble grinding media serves multiple functions: it provides the mechanical action for particle size reduction, acts as a dispersing medium, and contributes to long-term stabilization. This multi-functionality simplifies the manufacturing process by eliminating the need for multiple specialized components or sequential steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If high surface area 2D materials are used, then functional properties are enhanced, but they become more hazardous when not encapsulated and readily become airborne

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefunctional propertiesVSAvoidhealth hazards from airborne particles
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent effectively creates a protective shell around the high-surface-area 2D materials through the adsorption of water-soluble grinding media and wetting agents. This protective layer prevents the nanoplatelets from becoming airborne while preserving their functional properties, as the shell maintains dispersion stability without requiring encapsulation in traditional protective materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Data Source

PatentUS20230025139A1dispersions
Publication Date: 2023.01.26 APPL GRAPHENE MATERIALS UK LTD

AI summary

A method of forming a liquid dispersion of 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets in an aqueous solution is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of (1) creating a dispersing medium; (2) mixing the 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets into the dispersing medium; and (3) subjecting the 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets to sufficient shear forces and or crushing forces to reduce the particle size of the 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets using a mechanical means. The liquid dispersion comprises the 2D material/graphitic nanoplatelets, at least one grinding media, water, and at least one wetting agent, and that the at least one grinding media is water soluble or functionalised to be water soluble.