2D Material Phase Change Memory Devices for Low Power Operation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Developing phase change materials for memory devices that balance high operation speed, data endurance, low thermal conductivity, and low power consumption is challenging, as existing materials struggle to meet these requirements simultaneously.

Innovation Solution

The use of chalcogenide-based two-dimensional (2D) materials with a layered structure, including MoTe2, CoTe2, NbS2, and GeSe, in phase change memory devices, which incorporate intercalation materials like Li and dopants such as N, O, Si, and W, to achieve multi-bit characteristics and efficient phase changes between crystalline phases.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If conventional phase change materials are used, then the memory device can store data, but the power consumption is high and operation speed is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidoperation speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameters of the phase change material by using 2D materials with layered structures instead of conventional bulk materials. This dimensional change enables lower operating voltages and reduced power consumption while maintaining fast switching speeds through controlled phase transitions between crystalline phases

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite structures combining 2D phase change materials with intercalation materials and dopants. These composites enable simultaneous achievement of low power consumption through reduced thermal conductivity and high operation speed through enhanced phase transition kinetics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If phase change materials with high thermal conductivity are used, then heat dissipation is efficient, but data retention is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata retentionVSAvoidthermal conductivity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent exploits the unique thermal properties of 2D materials where thermal conductivity can be precisely controlled through layer thickness and structural modifications. The layered structure provides naturally low thermal conductivity that prevents heat diffusion, thereby improving data retention while allowing efficient heat management through other design parameters

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If simple phase change materials are used, then fabrication is easy, but multi-bit characteristics cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-bit characteristicsVSAvoidfabrication complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the phase change layer into multiple 2D material layers with different properties or orientations. This segmentation enables independent control of each layer's phase state, facilitating multi-bit storage capability where different layers or regions can store different data bits simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The 2D phase change materials exhibit multi-functionality by enabling both single-bit and multi-bit storage modes, as well as providing options for different phase transition mechanisms. This universality allows the same material system to be used for various memory configurations without requiring completely different fabrication processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These materials enable phase change memory devices with high operation speed, excellent data retention, low thermal conductivity, and reduced power consumption, while also allowing for multi-bit memory characteristics and efficient phase change operations.

Implementation Method 1

the phase of the 2D material of the phase change layer may change from a first crystalline phase to a second crystalline phase by applying a first electrical signal to the phase change layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 2

the phase of the 2D material of the phase change layer may change from the second crystalline phase to the first crystalline phase by applying a second electrical signal to the phase change layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3288092B1Phase change memory devices including two-dimensional material and methods of operating the same
Publication Date: 2021.09.01 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP3288092B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3288092B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3288092B1 patent drawingFigure 4A

AI summary

A phase change memory device may include a phase change layer that includes a two-dimensional (2D) material. The phase change layer may include a layered structure that includes one or more layers of 2D material. The phase change layer may be provided between a first electrode and a second electrode, and the phase of at least a portion of one or more of the layers of 2D material may be changed based on an electrical signal applied to the phase change layer through the first electrode and the second electrode. The 2D material may include a chalcogenide-based material or phosphorene. The 2D material may be associated with a phase change temperature that is greater than or equal to about 200°C and lower than or equal to about 500°C.