3D Electromagnetic Absorbent Antenna Decoupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna systems face challenges with electromagnetic coupling between antennary sets, leading to issues such as increased stationary wave rates, alteration of radiofrequency channel characteristics, and desensitization of reception chains. Current decoupling solutions, like quarter wave resonators and electromagnetic absorbers, have limitations in frequency bandwidth, integration constraints, and reproducibility.
Innovation Solution
A 3D structured electromagnetic absorbent is used as a decoupling device, forming a hollowed pattern to absorb electromagnetic waves regardless of their angle of incidence. This absorbent is integrated into the antenna system, positioned between antennary sets, and is designed to provide effective decoupling across a wider frequency range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If quarter wave resonators are used for decoupling, then decoupling effectiveness is improved at a given frequency, but the frequency bandwidth is reduced to 15-20% relative bandwidth
Solution Approach 1:
The resonator structure is segmented into multiple resonant elements with different resonant frequencies arranged in an array. Each segment contributes to decoupling at different frequency ranges, collectively providing broad bandwidth decoupling coverage while maintaining effectiveness across the entire operating band
Solution Approach 2:
The resonator array structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides decoupling across a broad frequency range, maintains impedance matching, and operates effectively for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. The same structure achieves what would otherwise require multiple different decoupling mechanisms
2Reliability
If electromagnetic absorbers are added to reduce coupling, then decoupling effectiveness is improved over wide incidence angles, but the thickness increases to at least a quarter of the wavelength
Solution Approach 1:
Thin resonant elements are arranged in an array configuration to form a decoupling structure that achieves broad bandwidth effectiveness without requiring quarter-wavelength thickness. The resonant elements act as thin films that provide the necessary electromagnetic interaction while maintaining a compact profile suitable for integration on the carrier
Solution Approach 2:
The solution transitions from a single thick absorber layer to a two-dimensional array of resonant elements. By distributing the decoupling function across multiple elements in the spatial dimension, the structure achieves the same electromagnetic effect with much reduced thickness, making it compatible with carrier integration constraints
3Ease of manufacture
If 3D structured EM absorbers are used, then manufacturing complexity is reduced, but the frequency bandwidth over which absorptivity is high is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The resonator array is segmented into multiple identical or similar resonant elements that can be manufactured using the same process. This segmentation allows for standardized manufacturing while the collective arrangement of segments provides the broad bandwidth performance that single complex 3D structures cannot achieve
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The 3D electromagnetic absorbent decoupling device significantly reduces electromagnetic coupling between antennary sets, stabilizes radiofrequency channel characteristics, and improves the purity of polarization, achieving high absorptivity of at least 0.9 across a very large frequency strip with a FMAX/Fmin ratio of 10, compared to a ratio of 3 in existing solutions.
Implementation Method 1
A 3D structured electromagnetic absorbent is used as a decoupling device, forming a hollowed pattern to absorb electromagnetic waves regardless of their angle of incidence
Data Source
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Figure 3A~3G
AI summary
This antenna system comprises at least one elementary antenna, a metallic plane provided around the elementary antenna, and a decoupling device (150) disposed on the metallic plane, the decoupling device being of the type three-dimensional electromagnetic absorption structure made up of a plurality of cells arranged in a network, each cell (152) comprising, stacked in a direction normal to the metallic plane, a base (154) surmounted by a raised wall, the antenna system being characterized in that the raised wall (156) is shaped so as to form a hollow pattern for trapping electromagnetic waves.