3D Deghosting Using Cross-Line Wavenumber Spectra
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional deghosting techniques in seismic data processing typically ignore 3-D effects, limiting the ability to accurately interpret subterranean geological formations and reducing the useful bandwidth of seismic data, especially in deep water environments.
Innovation Solution
The method involves obtaining and processing pressure and particle motion data from a 3-D spread of streamers, estimating cross-line spectra, and applying 3-D deghosting techniques to separate upgoing and downgoing wavefield components, effectively removing 'ghost' interference and interpolating pressure data in the cross-line direction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional deghosting techniques are used, then processing simplicity is maintained, but measurement precision and reliability of seismic data interpretation deteriorate due to ignoring 3-D effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional 2-D deghosting to 3-D deghosting by incorporating cross-line wavenumber spectra and 3-D wavefield decomposition. This dimensional extension allows accurate accounting of 3-D effects in seismic data processing, resolving the contradiction by improving measurement precision through enhanced dimensionality while managing the associated processing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces cross-line wavenumber spectra as an intermediary component that bridges the gap between simple conventional deghosting and accurate 3-D deghosting. This intermediary enables the separation of upgoing and downgoing wavefields in 3-D space, improving interpretation accuracy while providing a structured approach to managing processing complexity.
2Measurement precision
If denser streamer configurations are deployed, then measurement precision of seismic imaging is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the processing parameters from conventional 2-D deghosting to 3-D deghosting with cross-line wavenumber spectra. This parameter change enables accurate seismic imaging using existing streamer configurations, eliminating the need for denser deployments while maintaining or improving measurement precision through enhanced processing methods.
3Quantity of substance
If 3-D deghosting with cross-line spectra is applied, then useful bandwidth of seismic data is improved, but processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the wavefield into upgoing and downgoing components in 3-D space using cross-line wavenumber spectra. This segmentation approach systematically processes different wavefield components separately, enabling recovery of the full useful bandwidth while managing processing complexity through a structured, modular approach to 3-D deghosting.
Data Source
AI summary
A technique includes obtaining pressure data that was acquired by seismic sensors towed as part of a three-dimensional spread of streamers and obtaining particle motion data, which are indicative of particle motion at locations of the sensors. The technique includes estimating cross-line spectra of the pressure data based at least in part on the pressure data, and the technique includes deghosting the particle motion data based at least in part on the estimated cross-line spectra.