3D Underground Displacement Sensing With Double Mutual Inductance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for underground displacement monitoring, such as inclinometers, settlement meters, and BOTDR, are limited in their ability to monitor three-dimensional changes, leading to inefficiencies and potential errors in predicting geological disasters like landslides.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional measurement system based on double mutual inductance equivalent voltage, using an on-site measuring device with integrated sensing units and a remote monitoring system, which measures relative horizontal and vertical displacements through a wireless communication network, employing a double mutual inductance voltage method to achieve real-time, three-dimensional distributed remote measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If inclinometers are used to monitor underground horizontal displacement, then the structure is simple and reliability is high, but manual reading is required which reduces productivity and may lead to missed dangerous situations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical inclinometer system requiring manual reading with an automated sensing system using magnetic fields and electronic detectors. The measuring device includes a detector with magnetic sensors that automatically detect displacement through magnetic field changes, eliminating manual intervention and enabling continuous automated monitoring while maintaining measurement reliability.
2Measurement precision
If BOTDR measurement method is used, then optical fiber can detect deformation, but the amount of stretching is insufficient causing the optical fiber to break easily during extensive or rapid geotechnical deformation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the optical fiber-based BOTDR system with a magnetic field-based sensing system. The measuring device uses magnetic sensors and coils that can detect large deformations without physical stretching limits, eliminating the risk of fiber breakage during extensive or rapid deformation while maintaining precise deformation detection capability.
3Measurement precision
If single-direction measurement methods are used, then specific deformation components can be measured, but three-dimensional changes of underground displacement cannot be monitored
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a multi-functional measuring device that can measure displacement in multiple directions simultaneously. The device includes detectors with magnetic sensors arranged to detect horizontal and vertical displacement components, enabling three-dimensional monitoring capability while maintaining precise measurement of individual deformation components through integrated sensing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from single-direction measurement to three-dimensional measurement by adding spatial dimensions to the sensing capability. The measuring device detects displacement in multiple spatial directions using magnetic field variations, enabling comprehensive three-dimensional monitoring of underground displacement while preserving the ability to analyze specific deformation components.
4Measurement precision
If settlement meters and extensometers are used to detect underground vertical displacements, then vertical displacement can be measured, but errors caused by horizontal displacements cannot be eliminated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a measuring device that simultaneously measures both horizontal and vertical displacement components. The detector includes magnetic sensors configured to detect displacement in multiple directions, allowing the system to compensate for errors caused by horizontal displacements when measuring vertical displacement, thereby improving overall measurement accuracy and reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate, automatic, and remote real-time measurement of three-dimensional displacement and directions of rock-soil mass deformation from the ground surface to the deep underground, enhancing the prediction and forecasting of geological disasters.
Implementation Method 1
cylindrical air-core coil, a cylindrical magnetic core coil... The cylindrical air-core coil and the cylindrical magnetic core coil are both installed in the PVC sleeve... double mutual inductance voltage measuring circuit
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an underground displacement three-dimensional measurement system and method based on a double mutual inductance voltage contour. The system comprises an on-site measuring device and a remote monitoring system. The on-site measuring device is mainly formed by serially connecting N sensing units and an underground displacement information lumping unit by means of a power line and a communication line. The N sensing units are serially connected, and then are connected between an underground immovable layer and the ground. Each sensing unit comprises a PVC sleeve, a cylindrical air-core coil, a cylindrical magnetic core coil, and a PCB. Two adjacent sensing units form a measurement unit, and relative horizontal displacement and relative vertical displacement are measured by means of cooperation between the cylindrical air-core coil and the cylindrical magnetic core coil of a relative reference unit and the cylindrical air-core coil of the relative displacement unit.