3D Feed Network Transmission Line for Low-Loss Antenna Miniaturization
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Solution Overview
Problem
The complex structure of feed networks in antenna systems, particularly those with multiple microstrips, makes it difficult to miniaturize the antenna due to the need for a larger insulation layer area, leading to increased dielectric loss and space occupation.
Innovation Solution
A transmission line design featuring a reflector, insulation support, and transmission structure with angled side walls that increase the air medium area, reducing dielectric loss and space requirements by using a three-dimensional configuration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If multiple microstrips are disposed on the insulation layer to form a feed network, then the antenna can transmit and receive radio frequency signals, but the area of the insulation layer increases making miniaturization difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional microstrip layout on the insulation layer surface to a three-dimensional transmission line structure that extends in the vertical dimension. The transmission line includes conductive portions arranged at different heights and angles, forming a立体 configuration that reduces the horizontal footprint while maintaining signal transmission functionality.
2Ease of operation
If the area of the insulation layer is increased to accommodate multiple microstrips, then the feed network can be implemented, but dielectric loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
By arranging conductive portions at different vertical levels and angles within the insulation layer, the patent creates a three-dimensional transmission path that reduces the horizontal spread required. This dimensional transition allows the feed network to be implemented with a smaller insulation layer area, thereby reducing dielectric loss while maintaining full functionality.
3Ease of operation
If a complex feed network structure with multiple microstrips is used, then signal transmission is enabled, but space occupation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a three-dimensional transmission line structure where conductive portions are positioned at different heights and orientations within the insulation layer. This vertical stacking and angular arrangement enables signal transmission functionality while significantly reducing the horizontal space occupation compared to traditional planar microstrip configurations.
4Ease of operation
If traditional microstrip feed networks are used, then the antenna structure can be implemented, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates multiple conductive portions into a unified transmission line structure that forms a complete feed network. By merging the multiple microstrip elements into a coordinated three-dimensional arrangement with conductive portions at different levels and angles, the design achieves both functional requirements and manufacturing efficiency through a unified structural approach.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces dielectric loss and space occupation, facilitating miniaturization and improving manufacturing efficiency while maintaining effective signal propagation and reducing inter-line coupling.
Implementation Method 1
Because both a dielectric constant and a dissipation factor of the air medium are less than those of the insulation support, when an area of the air medium between the transmission structure and the reflector is increased, a dielectric loss of a radio frequency signal in the transmission structure during transmission can be reduced
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of this application provide a transmission line, a feed network, and an antenna apparatus. The transmission line is used for a radio frequency device. The transmission line includes a reflector, an insulation support, and a transmission structure. The transmission structure includes at least two side walls. The transmission structure is disposed on a surface of the insulation support, an included angle between two adjacent side walls of the transmission structure is greater than zero, and different side walls of the transmission structure are located on different surfaces of the insulation support. At least one surface of the transmission structure is disposed opposite to a part of a structure of the reflector, and a gap exists between the at least one surface of the transmission structure and the reflector. The transmission line has a small signal loss and occupies a small space.