3D Image Data Registration for Spine Surgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
In medical imaging, particularly in spine surgery, preoperative 3D image data of movable rigid parts like bones are challenging to register accurately with real-time 2D projection images due to changes in position and orientation, limiting their utility during surgery.
Innovation Solution
The method involves dividing 3D image data into sub-regions representing individual rigid parts, registering each sub-region separately with 2D projection images taken from different projection directions, and using transformation matrices to determine the position and orientation of these parts, enabling an articular model that accurately represents their relative positions and orientations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If preoperative 3D image data is used for registration with 2D projection images, then image resolution and detailed information are improved, but registration accuracy deteriorates due to changes in position and orientation of movable rigid parts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the 3D image data into multiple sub-regions, each corresponding to a different rigid part (e.g., vertebral bodies). Each sub-region is then registered separately with the 2D projection images, allowing each rigid part to be accurately positioned and oriented independently, thereby resolving the registration accuracy problem while maintaining high image resolution
Solution Approach 2:
The patent accounts for the dynamic nature of movable rigid parts by allowing each sub-region to have its own transformation parameters (rotation and translation) that can differ from the global transformation. This enables the system to adapt to changes in position and orientation of individual rigid parts while maintaining the high-resolution 3D image data
2Manufacturing precision
If 3D image data is divided into sub-regions and registered separately, then registration accuracy is improved, but processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the 3D image data into sub-regions and applies separate registration to each, which improves accuracy. The complexity is managed by automating the segmentation and registration processes using computational algorithms, making the increased processing complexity manageable through software-based solutions rather than hardware complexity
3Manufacturing precision
If continuous data acquisition is performed to track position changes, then registration accuracy is maintained, but irradiation and data acquisition requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary registration of the 3D image data with the 2D projection images before the surgical procedure. By pre-registering the sub-regions and their transformation parameters, the system eliminates the need for continuous data acquisition and irradiation during the operation, while maintaining registration accuracy through the pre-computed transformation matrices
Data Source
AI summary
Three-dimensional image data of an imaged object, such as the bone structure of a patient, comprise first and second rigid parts movably connected to each other, in a first state of position and orientation. Sub-regions within the three-dimensional image data are divided into at least first image data and second image data. A set of two-dimensional projection images of the imaged object are taken from first and second different projection directions, while the first and the second rigid parts are in a second state of position and orientation. A processing device registers the first image data with the set of two-dimensional projection images and separately registers the second image data with the set of two-dimensional projection images to obtain first and second registration information, respectively, which is used to determine the position and orientation of the first and second rigid parts in the second state.