3D Antenna Apparatus with Nested Radiator for Millimeter-Wave Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional antenna structures for high-frequency applications, such as those in the millimeter wavelength range, face challenges with radiation efficiency due to dielectric losses and limited bandwidth, and require high stability and larger dimensions for effective operation.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a substrate with a three-dimensional shape structure that extends out of the substrate plane, supporting a second antenna and maintaining stability while increasing bandwidth by using the three-dimensional shape structure as a support for the second antenna, which acts as an additional radiator.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional planar antennas are used at higher frequencies, then manufacturing is simpler, but radiation efficiency deteriorates due to dielectric losses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional planar (2D) antenna structures to a three-dimensional configuration where the second antenna is positioned above the substrate plane on a support structure. This dimensional change allows the antenna to operate at higher frequencies with reduced dielectric losses while maintaining manufacturability through standard PCB lamination processes.
2Reliability
If long 3D antenna structures are used for millimeter wavelength ranges, then radiation capability improves, but structural stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a compact 3D structure where the second antenna is positioned vertically above the first antenna using a support structure integrated into the substrate. This vertical arrangement achieves the necessary radiation characteristics for millimeter wavelengths without requiring long horizontal extensions, thereby maintaining structural stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The support structure for the second antenna is integrated within the substrate layers, with the first antenna arranged between the substrate and the support structure. This nested configuration consolidates multiple functional elements into a compact volume, achieving radiation capability without compromising stability.
3Length of moving object
If antenna dimensions are reduced for higher frequencies, then device size improves, but bandwidth deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes a vertical 3D arrangement with the second antenna positioned above the substrate plane, creating multiple radiation paths and resonant modes. This dimensional configuration enables bandwidth expansion despite reduced horizontal dimensions, as the vertical separation and multiple antenna elements provide additional degrees of freedom for frequency operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines two antenna elements (first antenna on substrate and second antenna on support structure) into a single integrated apparatus. This merging of multiple radiating elements creates a multi-resonant system that achieves larger effective bandwidth while maintaining compact overall dimensions.
4Adaptability or versatility
If a second antenna is added to increase bandwidth, then effectively usable bandwidth improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The support structure serving the second antenna also functions as a spacer to maintain optimal separation between the first and second antennas. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional dedicated components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while achieving bandwidth expansion through the second antenna element.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna apparatus is provided, including: a substrate extending in a substrate plane, wherein the substrate includes a first side and an opposite second side, wherein a first antenna is arranged on the first side of the substrate, and a three-dimensional shape structure arranged on the first side and extending out of the substrate plane and across the first antenna so that the first antenna is arranged between the substrate and the three-dimensional shape structure. In addition, a second antenna is arranged on the three-dimensional shape structure.