3D Palmprint Imaging System for Spoof-Resistant Biometric Authentication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current personal identification methods, such as face and fingerprint recognition, face challenges with reliability and susceptibility to spoof attacks, particularly for individuals with manual labor or elderly users, and 2D palmprint systems are prone to such attacks due to their vulnerability to noise and fake biometrics.
Innovation Solution
A 3D palmprint imaging system that captures and processes three-dimensional images of a person's palm, using a combination of 3D and 2D features extraction modules to generate curvature maps and competitive code maps, which are then compared to reference features for verification, incorporating an infrared sensor and LCD projector for depth information and robustness against spoof attacks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If 2D palmprint systems are used for personal identification, then the system is simple and easy to implement, but it is prone to spoof attacks and has low reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from 2D palmprint imaging to 3D palmprint imaging, adding the depth dimension to capture surface curvature and geometric features. This dimensional enhancement makes spoof attacks more difficult while maintaining system functionality, directly addressing the reliability issue without completely redesigning the system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments the palmprint analysis into multiple independent modules: 3D image acquisition, 2D image acquisition, feature extraction, curvature map generation, and matching. This modular segmentation allows the system to process 3D and 2D features separately and combine them, improving reliability while keeping each component manageable and implementable.
2Reliability
If fingerprint identification is used, then it works well for most cases, but it is difficult to acquire fingerprint features for manual laborers and elderly people
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the measurement parameters from traditional fingerprint ridges to palmprint creases and 3D surface curvature. This parameter change allows the system to accommodate users with worn or altered fingerprints (manual laborers, elderly people) while maintaining identification accuracy through different anatomical features that remain consistent across these groups.
Solution Approach 2:
The palmprint-based system serves multiple user types universally - it works for young and old, for manual laborers and office workers, for people with clean or worn fingers. The system's multi-functionality lies in its ability to handle diverse user populations that traditional fingerprint systems cannot accommodate, while maintaining high identification accuracy across all groups.
3Ease of operation
If face recognition is used for personal identification, then it is easy to acquire, but it has low reliability due to pose, lighting, orientation and gesture problems
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts and focuses on specific invariant features of the palm (palm creases, curvature, geometric patterns) rather than attempting to capture the entire face or hand in various poses. By taking out only the essential invariant features, the system achieves both ease of acquisition (palm is always present) and high reliability (features are pose-invariant).
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides high security and user acceptance by effectively distinguishing genuine from fake biometrics, achieving a significant reduction in False Acceptance and False Rejection Rates, and demonstrating improved performance over traditional 2D palmprint systems.
Implementation Method 1
a liquid crystal display (LCD) projector to generate arbitrary stripe patterns onto the surface of the palm to enable acquisition of depth information using active triangulation
Implementation Method 2
The system may further comprise an infrared sensor to detect the presence of a palm to initiate image capture of the palm of the person
Data Source
AI summary
A biometric identification system (30) for identifying a person, the system (30) comprising: an image acquisition module (31) to capture a three-dimensional (3D) image of a palm of the person; a region of interest (ROI) extraction module (34) to extract a 3D subimage from the captured image; and a 3D features extraction module (36) to extract 3D palmprint features from the 3D subimage; wherein the extracted 3D palmprint features are compared to reference 3D palmprint features to verify the identity of the person.