3D Printed Antioxidant Coating on Carbon-Carbon Composites

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Solution Overview

Problem

Carbon-carbon composite materials used in high-temperature applications, such as aerospace brake components, face challenges with oxidation resistance, particularly at elevated temperatures, leading to wear and reliability issues due to non-uniform coating applications and complex geometries.

Innovation Solution

The use of additive manufacturing, specifically 3D printing, to apply antioxidant coatings in multiple layers on carbon-carbon composite components, allowing for precise control over coating thickness and geometry, including intricate areas, and achieving uniform chemistry through sequential deposition and thermal processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional coating methods are used on carbon-carbon composite components, then coating application is simpler, but coating uniformity and oxidation resistance are insufficient, especially on complex geometries

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation resistanceVSAvoidcoating uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The coating process is divided into multiple sequential layers, with each layer being deposited and cured independently. This segmentation allows for better control of coating uniformity at each stage and enables the formation of a more consistent multi-layer antioxidant coating structure on complex geometries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from conventional 2D surface coating to 3D layer-by-layer deposition using additive manufacturing. This dimensional approach enables precise control over coating thickness and uniformity across complex three-dimensional surfaces, ensuring consistent antioxidant protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Manufacturing precision

If 3D printing is used to deposit antioxidant coating, then coating uniformity and geometry control improve, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating thickness controlVSAvoidadditive manufacturing system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex manual coating operations with an automated additive manufacturing system. This substitution eliminates the need for skilled manual application while providing precise, programmable control over coating deposition, reducing operational complexity despite increased equipment sophistication

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The additive manufacturing process allows for digital programming of coating parameters, enabling easy adjustment of thickness, pattern, and coverage without changing physical tooling. This digital control simplifies the manufacturing process despite the complexity of the deposition equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enhances oxidation resistance and reliability by providing uniform, tailored antioxidant coatings that maintain structural integrity and prevent oxidation, even in complex geometries, reducing wear and improving performance in high-temperature environments.

Implementation Method 1

The antioxidant coating is formed by an additive manufacturing process and includes a plurality of individual layers of antioxidant material. Each of the plurality of individual layers is formed by depositing the antioxidant material on (either directly or indirectly) desired surface region of the carbon-carbon substrate by a print head of a three-dimensional (3D) printing device.

Methodology Applied
Scientific Effect3D Printing: 3D Printing

Implementation Method 2

U.S. Patent Publication US5759622 provides a method of inhibiting catalyzed oxidation of carbon-carbon composites comprising the steps of treating a carbon-carbon composite with the catalyzed oxidation inhibiting aqueous mixture, and heating the treated carbon-carbon composite to a temperature sufficient to remove water.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP3093278B1Method of making a carbon-carbon composite component with antioxidant coating
Publication Date: 2019.06.05 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC
  • EP3093278B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3093278B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3093278B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In one example, a method including depositing an antioxidant material on a first surface region of a carbon-carbon composite substrate via a print head of a three-dimensional printing device to form a first layer of the antioxidant material on the first surface region of the substrate, and depositing the antioxidant material on a second surface region of the substrate via the print head of the three-dimensional printing device to form a second layer of the antioxidant material on the second surface region. The method may be, for example, a method for forming a carbon-carbon composite component including an antioxidant coating, the antioxidant coating including the first layer and second layer of the antioxidant material. The first and second layer can partially overlap. Each layer preferably has a thickness of 1-10 microns.