3D Printing Fluids With Dihydrazide Antioxidants for Yellowing Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing 3D printing technologies face limitations in achieving desired mechanical strength and visual appearance due to the limited range of materials and susceptibility to oxidation, leading to yellowing and degradation of polymer particles during the printing process.

Innovation Solution

Incorporation of water-soluble or water-dispersible dihydrazide antioxidants in fusing and detailing agents, which are selectively applied to the powder bed using fluid ejectors, to reduce oxidation and yellowing of polymer particles during the 3D printing process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If radiation absorbers are used to convert radiation energy to heat for fusing polymer particles, then the fusing efficiency and productivity are improved, but oxidation and yellowing of polymer particles occur during the printing process

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefusing efficiencyVSAvoidoxidation and yellowing

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies antioxidant agents to the powder bed material before or during the fusing process. This preliminary action prevents oxidation from occurring during the high-temperature fusing operation, thereby maintaining both high productivity and preventing yellowing of the polymer particles.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The antioxidant agent acts as an intermediary substance between the polymer particles and the oxidizing environment. It is applied to the powder bed and protects the polymer particles from oxidation during radiation-induced fusing, allowing efficient production without degradation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Adaptability or versatility

If the range of materials used in 3D printing is expanded to include diverse polymer particles, then the versatility and adaptability are improved, but the susceptibility to oxidation and degradation increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvematerial rangeVSAvoidresistance to oxidation

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies antioxidant treatment specifically to the powder bed material where polymer particles are located. This localized application provides oxidation protection to diverse polymer materials without requiring changes to the overall printing system, enabling versatile material selection while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the chemical environment of the powder bed by introducing antioxidant agents. This parameter change (adding protective chemicals) allows diverse polymer materials to be used without increasing their susceptibility to oxidation, as the antioxidant counteracts the harmful effects across different material types.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Speed

If high temperatures are applied to fuse polymer particles rapidly, then the manufacturing speed is improved, but the degradation and yellowing of polymer particles worsens

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemanufacturing speedVSAvoiddegradation and yellowing

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The antioxidant agent is applied to the powder bed before high-temperature fusing occurs. This preliminary protective measure enables rapid heating and fast manufacturing speeds without causing degradation or yellowing, as the antioxidant is already in place to neutralize oxidative effects during the quick thermal process.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the potentially harmful high-temperature environment into a beneficial rapid fusing process by introducing antioxidant protection. The heat that would normally cause degradation is now harnessed for fast production, while the antioxidant transforms the harmful thermal-oxidative environment into a controlled process that maintains material quality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of dihydrazide antioxidants effectively reduces yellowing and degradation of polymer particles, allowing for the production of 3D printed articles with improved mechanical properties and visual appearance.

Implementation Method 1

The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber, wherein the radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectRadiation absorption and conversion to heat: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

The polymer particles in contact with the dihydrazide antioxidant can exhibit reduced yellowing compared to the polymer particles not in contact with the dihydrazide antioxidant

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectOxidation resistance: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentUS12629886B2Three-dimensional printing with dihydrazide antioxidants

Publication Date: 2026.05.19 PERIDOT PRINT LLC

AI summary

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a second fluid agent. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The fusing agent or the second fluid agent can include a water-soluble or water-dispersible dihydrazide antioxidant.