3D Printing Mirror Array Scanning for High-Resolution Curing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current 3D printing systems face challenges in achieving high resolution and speed in imaging processes, particularly in selectively curing or fusing materials using energy sources like lasers.

Innovation Solution

A three-dimensional printing system incorporating a motorized build platform, a dispensing module, a pulsed light source, an imaging module with a two-dimensional mirror array, and a controller that scans the imaging module over a build plane using a sequence of radiation pulses, allowing for selective imaging and redundancy to enhance resolution and reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If a conventional imaging system is used in 3D printing, then the system is simpler and easier to operate, but the resolution and speed of imaging are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging resolutionVSAvoidimaging system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The imaging system is segmented into multiple independent components: a two-dimensional mirror array with individually controllable mirrors, a pulsed light source, and a scanning mechanism. Each mirror can be independently controlled to direct light to specific locations on the build plane, enabling high-resolution selective imaging while maintaining system modularity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs dynamic scanning of the imaging module across the build plane in conjunction with pulsed illumination. The mirrors and light source operate in synchronization during scanning, allowing the system to achieve high resolution through temporal and spatial modulation rather than requiring a static, overly complex high-resolution imaging system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If the imaging system scans faster to improve productivity, then the printing speed increases, but the resolution and accuracy of material curing decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting speedVSAvoidmaterial curing precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses periodic pulsed illumination synchronized with the scanning motion. Pulses of light are emitted at specific intervals during the scan, with each pulse duration δT carefully controlled. This periodic action allows the imaging system to maintain high scanning speeds while ensuring sufficient energy delivery for precise material curing at each addressed location

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The mirror array is pre-configured with ON/OFF states before each pulse is emitted. This preliminary configuration ensures that when the pulsed light reaches the build plane, the energy is delivered precisely to the intended locations without requiring slower, real-time adjustment during the pulse itself, thereby maintaining both speed and precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If redundancy is increased by having multiple mirrors address the same point, then reliability improves and gray levels increase, but the device complexity and control difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem reliabilityVSAvoidmirror array control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller pre-calculates and pre-configures the ON/OFF states of multiple mirrors that will address the same build plane location before the scan reaches that point. This preliminary assignment of mirror states simplifies real-time control during scanning, as the system only needs to execute pre-determined mirror configurations rather than making complex decisions during the scan

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The redundant mirrors are activated in periodic sequences synchronized with the pulsed light source and scanning motion. Different mirrors address the same location at different times during the scan, with their collective contributions summed to achieve the desired gray level. This temporal separation of redundant mirror operations reduces control complexity compared to simultaneous activation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enables high-resolution imaging with improved contrast ratio and the ability to form layers efficiently, reducing the impact of malfunctioning mirror elements and allowing for more gray levels, thus enhancing the overall printing process.

Implementation Method 1

a pulsed light source operable to generate a sequence of radiation pulses that illuminate the mirror array

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight emission: Light

Implementation Method 2

an imaging module that receives radiation from the pulsed light source and includes a two-dimensional mirror array defining N rows and M columns of mirrors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

Some of these three dimensional printing systems utilize the application of energy to selectively cure or fuse materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotopolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3930987B1High resolution three-dimensional printing system
Publication Date: 2023.01.25 3D SYSTEMS INC
  • EP3930987B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3930987B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3930987B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A three-dimensional printing system for fabricating a three-dimensional article includes a motorized build platform, a dispensing module, a pulsed light source, an imaging module, a movement mechanism, and a controller. The imaging module receives radiation from the pulsed light source and includes a two-dimensional mirror array. The movement mechanism imparts lateral motion between the imaging module and the build platform. The controller is configured to operate the motorized build platform and the dispensing module to form a layer of build material at a build plane, operate the movement mechanism to laterally scan the imaging module over the build plane, operate the pulsed light source to generate a sequence of radiation pulses that illuminate the mirror array, and operate the mirror array to selectively image the build material.