3D Reaction Frame Structure for True-Triaxial Deep Disaster Loading
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing three-dimensional physical model test equipment for deep engineering disasters faces challenges such as low rigidity and ultimate tensile capacity in loading frames, limited ability to simulate complex stress environments, and difficulties in maintaining centering and precise stress application during dynamic load tests.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional loading structure with a horizontal and vertical ultra-large reaction frame, distributed hydraulic actuator groups, and ultra-long stroke lifting and locking hydraulic cylinders, which provides high rigidity, precise stress application, and centering loading capabilities, enabling true-triaxial stress simulation and long-term stable load holding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If traditional steel structure welding or bolt connection processes are used for the loading frame, then the manufacturing process is simple and ease of manufacture is improved, but the rigidity and ultimate tensile capacity of the frame are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite material construction for the loading frame, combining high-strength steel components with advanced connection technologies. The frame structure integrates different material properties to achieve both high rigidity and ultimate tensile capacity while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through standardized composite component assembly.
2Manufacturing precision
If existing hydraulic actuators are used for loading, then the device complexity is low, but the ability to achieve true three-dimensional gradient loading and precise stress application is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The loading system is segmented into multiple independent hydraulic actuator groups, each capable of independent control. This segmentation enables precise application of stress to different regions of the physical model, achieving true three-dimensional gradient loading where each actuator can apply different magnitudes and directions of force according to specific test requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes advanced hydraulic actuator technology with precise control systems to achieve accurate stress application. The hydraulic system incorporates feedback control mechanisms and sophisticated valve arrangements that enable precise regulation of load magnitude and direction, far exceeding the capabilities of traditional mechanical loading devices.
3Measurement precision
If one-end surface loading with passive reaction balance is used, then the device complexity is low, but the centering accuracy and symmetry of loading are compromised during three-dimensional loading
Solution Approach 1:
The loading system incorporates dynamic centering control mechanisms that continuously adjust the loading application points and force distributions during the test process. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the physical model remains properly centered and that loading remains symmetric even as the model deforms or fails, maintaining measurement accuracy throughout the entire test duration.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs feedback control through sensors that monitor the position and deformation of the physical model in real-time. This feedback information is used to continuously adjust the hydraulic actuator outputs, ensuring that loading is applied symmetrically and that the model remains centered on the loading platform throughout the test, thereby maintaining high measurement precision.
4Reliability
If the physical model sample size is increased to reduce similarity ratio distortion, then the representation of deep engineering is improved, but the rigidity requirements and loading capacity of the frame must be significantly increased
Solution Approach 1:
The loading frame utilizes composite material construction with high-strength steel components and optimized structural sections to achieve the necessary rigidity and load-bearing capacity for ultra-large physical models. The composite structure allows the frame to support the increased weights and forces generated by larger scale models while maintaining the precision required for accurate stress application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high rigidity and ultimate tensile capacity, enabling simulation of deep geological disasters under true-triaxial stress conditions, with stable load holding for over 5000 hours, and precise control over stress application and centering, effectively simulating complex deep engineering scenarios.
Implementation Method 1
adopt load loading technologies such as large-tonnage hydraulic actuators or hydraulic sleepers
Implementation Method 2
design a precise stress application technology of low-friction array hydraulic servo actuators
Implementation Method 3
a pre-stressed pull rod is mounted in each support column in a penetrating manner, and the reaction top plate, the support columns and the reaction base are firmly connected by the pre-stressed pull rods and through pre-stress forces provided by high-strength nuts
Implementation Method 4
the four ultra-long stroke lifting and locking hydraulic cylinders are uniformly arranged between the horizontal ultra-large reaction frame and the reaction top plate
Implementation Method 5
a friction-reducing sliding sleeve is arranged between the support columns and the horizontal ultra-large reaction frame
Implementation Method 6
each ultra-long stroke lifting and locking hydraulic cylinder is provided with an energy accumulator and an electronic pressure valve
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a three-dimensional loading structure of an ultra-large physical simulation facility for deep engineering disasters. The three-dimensional loading structure comprises a horizontal ultra-large reaction frame, a vertical ultra-large reaction frame, ultra-long stroke lifting and locking hydraulic cylinders, five array distributed hydraulic actuator groups and a linear distributed hydraulic actuator group, wherein the horizontal ultra-large reaction frame adopts a frame structure being formed by splicing eight segments of arch beams, circular in an outer part and square in an inner part, and wrapped with prestressed carbon fibers, and the vertical ultra-large reaction frame adopts a double-beam four-column preload frame structure; the five array distributed hydraulic actuator groups are distributed around the horizontal ultra-large reaction frame and at a top of the vertical ultra-large reaction frame, and the linear distributed hydraulic actuator group is located at a center of a bottom of the vertical ultra-large reaction frame.