3D Surface Scan Registration for Intra-Operative Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical navigation systems lack efficient methods for generating and utilizing 3D surface scans of patient anatomy for intra-operative localization, which is crucial for precise surgical procedures.
Innovation Solution
A computer-implemented method and system that generates a 3D surface scan using structured light reflections, registers it with a localization system, and provides real-time navigation by calculating scanning and registration extrinsic parameters, allowing for accurate positioning of surgical instruments relative to the patient's anatomy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If 3D surface scanning is implemented for surgical navigation, then measurement precision and surgical accuracy are improved, but device complexity and system integration requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the surgical navigation setup into separate functional modules: a 3D scanning system for acquiring anatomical data, a localization system for tracking surgical instruments, and a processing system for registration and navigation. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently while reducing overall system integration complexity through standardized interfaces.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a processing system as an intermediary between the scanning system and localization system. This intermediary handles the complex tasks of registration, coordinate transformation, and data fusion, thereby simplifying the interaction between the scanning and localization subsystems and reducing direct integration complexity.
2Measurement precision
If real-time 3D surface scanning and registration is performed, then intra-operative localization precision is improved, but processing time and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by acquiring 3D surface scan data and performing initial processing before the actual surgical procedure. The scanning system captures anatomical data in advance, and the processing system pre-computes registration parameters and creates navigation models, thereby reducing real-time processing requirements during surgery.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by selectively processing only the most critical anatomical regions and using a subset of available data for initial registration. This allows the system to achieve sufficient localization precision without processing the entire anatomy model, thereby reducing processing time while maintaining adequate accuracy for surgical navigation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise intra-operative navigation and enhances surgical accuracy by providing real-time visual feedback and registration of anatomical landmarks, improving the precision and safety of surgical procedures.
Implementation Method 1
receiving from a camera 3D scan data comprising images from a plurality of vantage points of structured light reflected off a surface of the patient's anatomy
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods are described herein to generate a 3D surface scan of a surface profile of a patient's anatomy. The 3D surface scan may be generated by reflections of structured light off the surface profile of the anatomy. The 3D surface scan may be used during intra-operative surgical navigation by a localization system. Optionally, a pre-operative medical image may also be registered to the localization system or used to enhance the 3D surface scan.