3D Stacked Feeding Network for Compact Base Station Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional phase shifters occupy large space and hinder the overall layout of base station antennas, particularly in scenarios requiring miniaturization and small cross-sectional areas.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional feeding apparatus is implemented by stacking functional modules such as phase shifters and power dividers in various directions, utilizing the third dimension to reduce space occupation and facilitate miniaturization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If functional modules are distributed in an extension manner in one direction, then the feeding apparatus can be easily manufactured and assembled, but the space occupied by the feeding apparatus becomes large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the conventional one-dimensional extended layout of functional modules into a three-dimensional stacked architecture. Multiple functional modules (phase shifters, power dividers, combiners) are arranged vertically along the Z-axis, utilizing the third dimension to reduce the horizontal footprint. This dimensional transition maintains manufacturing feasibility through standardized module interfaces while dramatically reducing the overall space occupied by the feeding apparatus.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested arrangement where functional modules are stacked concentrically or in layered configurations. The phase shifters, power dividers, and combiners are positioned in overlapping or adjacent vertical layers, allowing compact integration similar to nested dolls. This nesting approach maximizes space utilization while preserving the independence and manufacturability of each functional module.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the quantity of antenna integration ports is increased, then the antenna functionality is enhanced, but the phase shifter occupies larger space
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves the space conflict by transitioning from a planar two-dimensional arrangement to a three-dimensional vertical stacking configuration. Multiple antenna integration ports and their associated phase shifters are arranged along the vertical Z-axis, allowing high-port-count antennas to be integrated without increasing the horizontal footprint. This enables enhanced antenna functionality while maintaining a compact phase shifter footprint.
3Volume of stationary object
If functional modules are stacked in three-dimensional space, then the space occupied by the feeding apparatus is reduced, but the assembly complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the feeding apparatus into discrete, modular functional units (phase shifters, power dividers, combiners) that can be independently manufactured and tested. Each module features standardized interfaces and connection protocols, allowing complex three-dimensional stacking to be achieved through systematic assembly of pre-fabricated components rather than monolithic construction, thereby managing assembly complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs universal module designs where standardized interfaces and connection mechanisms are used across all functional modules. This universality allows different types of modules to be stacked in various configurations without requiring custom assembly procedures for each arrangement, reducing the overall assembly complexity despite the three-dimensional integration.
Data Source
AI summary
A feeding apparatus, an antenna, a base station, and a communication system are provided. The feeding apparatus includes a plurality of functional modules. Each functional module is configured to process a radio frequency signal. The plurality of functional modules are stacked in a same direction or stacked in different directions. According to the feeding apparatus provided in this application, the plurality of functional modules are stacked, to fully utilize three-dimensional space, implement a three-dimensional feeding apparatus, and reduce space occupied by the feeding apparatus.