3D Vision Palletizing for Continuous Adaptive Load Building

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional palletizing and depalletizing systems fail to provide adaptive, real-time solutions for building pallet loads efficiently, leading to suboptimal time and resource utilization in storage and retrieval systems, particularly in mixed case scenarios where high packing density and time-optimal building are simultaneously required.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a real-time adaptive palletizer cell equipped with a three-dimensional time of flight camera vision system that generates and processes 3D imaging data to inform robotic placement, allowing for continuous and adaptive adjustment of pallet load building, correcting variances and deviations in real-time to ensure optimal pallet construction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional palletizers with 3-D mapping systems are used, then automation positioning relative to the pallet load is improved, but time-optimal building of pallet loads is not achieved due to lack of real-time adaptive adjustment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improve3-D mapping precisionVSAvoidpallet load build time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements real-time feedback by continuously capturing images of the pallet load build structure during construction, comparing actual placement against the plan, and immediately adjusting subsequent placement operations. This closed-loop control enables time-optimal building by correcting deviations as they occur rather than detecting them after completion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The palletizer system performs self-correction by automatically detecting placement variances and adjusting its own operations without external intervention. The system monitors its own build process in real-time and autonomously modifies placement parameters to maintain optimal efficiency and accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Quantity of substance

If high packing density is pursued, then pallet load efficiency is improved, but build time increases making the process time-suboptimal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepacking densityVSAvoidpallet load build time
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system pre-plans the entire pallet load build structure before construction begins, determining the optimal placement sequence for high density. By calculating the complete arrangement in advance and then executing with real-time adjustments, the system achieves high packing density without time penalties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adapts the build process by continuously monitoring actual placement against the plan and adjusting subsequent operations in real-time. This dynamic control enables the system to maintain high packing density while optimizing build speed, as deviations are corrected immediately rather than requiring rework later.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If adaptive real-time adjustment is implemented, then time-optimal pallet building is achieved, but device complexity increases due to vision system requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepallet load build efficiencyVSAvoidvision system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces complex mechanical measurement and positioning systems with a vision-based approach. Instead of using sophisticated mechanical sensors and encoders to track pallet build, the system uses image capture and processing to detect placement, simplifying the mechanical complexity while enabling real-time adaptive control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system creates a digital copy (image) of the physical pallet load build structure and compares this copy against the planned arrangement. This optical copying approach simplifies the measurement system compared to direct mechanical measurement, enabling real-time verification with simpler sensors and actuators.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the construction of pallet loads in a time-optimal manner, improving efficiency and adaptability, thereby enhancing the overall performance of storage and retrieval systems by ensuring high packing density and minimizing bottlenecks.

Implementation Method 1

at least one three-dimensional, time of flight, camera

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP3655355B1Apparatus and method for building a pallet load
Publication Date: 2025.01.01 SYMBOTIC CANADA ULC
  • EP3655355B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3655355B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3655355B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A pallet building apparatus for automatically building a pallet load of pallet load article units onto a pallet support including a frame defining a pallet building base, at least one articulated robot to transport and place the pallet load article units, a controller to control articulated robot motion and effect therewith a pallet load build, at least one three-dimensional, time of flight, camera to generate three- dimensional imaging of the pallet support and pallet load build, wherein the controller registers, from the three- dimensional camera, real time three-dimensional imaging data embodying different corresponding three-dimensional images of the pallet support and pallet load build, to determine, in real time, from the corresponding real time three-dimensional imaging data, a pallet support variance or article unit variance and generate in real time an articulated robot motion signal, the articulated robot motion signal being generated real time so as to be performed real time by the at least one articulated robot between placement of at least one pallet load article unit and a serially consecutive pallet load article unit enabling substantially continuous building of the pallet load build.