5G Patch Antenna Array With EBG Isolation for Wider Scan Angles
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Solution Overview
Problem
5G antennas operating in the millimeter wave band face challenges with radiation efficiency and interference between antenna elements, particularly when spaced close to a half-wavelength, leading to reduced beam scanning performance.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a multi-layer substrate with patch antennas and Electronic Band Gap (EBG) structures, including first and second EBG elements with different arrangements and vias, to optimize E-field directionality, reduce surface waves, and minimize interference, thereby enhancing antenna gain and scan angle performance without additional cost.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the spacing between antenna elements is reduced to approximately half-wavelength for beam scanning, then beam scanning capability is improved, but interference between antenna elements increases and radiation efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces EBG (Electronic Band Gap) structures as intermediary elements positioned between adjacent antenna elements. These EBG structures act as electromagnetic isolators that block surface waves and reduce mutual coupling between antenna elements. By placing this intermediary structure at strategic locations, the patent achieves both close spacing for beam scanning and reduced interference for maintained radiation efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful surface waves and mutual interference between closely-spaced antenna elements into a beneficial configuration. By introducing EBG structures, the harmful electromagnetic coupling is transformed into controlled isolation, allowing the antenna elements to be placed at optimal half-wavelength spacing for beam scanning while the EBG structures prevent the interference from degrading radiation efficiency
2Adaptability or versatility
If antenna elements are spaced close to each other for beamforming, then array antenna functionality is achieved, but interference between elements increases and beam scanning performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
EBG structures are introduced as intermediary isolation elements between antenna elements in the array. These structures provide electromagnetic separation that prevents mutual coupling while allowing the array configuration to maintain its beamforming and beam scanning capabilities. The EBG structures are positioned to block surface waves without disrupting the intended radiation pattern
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves radiation efficiency, reduces interference, and extends the scan angle by optimizing EBG structures on the multi-layer substrate, achieving higher antenna gain and better beamforming performance for 5G mmWave communications.
Implementation Method 1
a first electronic band gap (EBG) element disposed in parallel to the patch antenna at a left or right side of the patch antenna; and a second electronic band gap (EBG) element disposed in parallel to the patch antenna at an upper or lower side of the patch antenna
Implementation Method 2
a patch antenna disposed on a specific layer of the multi-layer substrate and configured to radiate a signal applied from a feeding line
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an electronic device provided with an antenna for 5G communication according to the present invention. The electronic device includes an array antenna which is implemented as a multi-layer substrate inside the electronic device and includes a plurality of antenna elements. Each of the antenna elements of the array antenna comprises: a patch antenna disposed on a specific layer of the multi-layer substrate and configured to radiate a signal applied from a feeder line; a first electronic band gap (EBG) element disposed parallel to the patch antenna on the left or right side of the patch antenna; and a second electronic band gap (EBG) element disposed parallel to the patch antenna on the upper or lower side of the patch antenna.