5G V2V Resource Allocation via Cluster Head Coordination
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current solutions for managing radio-electric resources in 5G cellular networks for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) links in VANETs are inadequate, as they prioritize transmission rate over latency and reliability, rely excessively on eNodeB knowledge of channel properties, and lack efficient strategies for periodic exchange of Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs), leading to suboptimal resource reallocation and sharing between cellular and vehicular users.
Innovation Solution
A procedure that dynamically allocates and reuses Resource Blocks (RBs) between cellular users (C-UEs) and vehicles (V-UEs) in 5G networks, ensuring quality of service by calculating transmission powers based on distance and channel properties, and using an algorithm to maximize the number of compatible pairs, thereby optimizing radio-electric resource management and reducing interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If radio-electric resources are allocated to both C-UEs and V-UEs simultaneously, then resource reuse efficiency is improved, but interference between links increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating resource allocation strategies for different user types and geographic locations. V-UEs and C-UEs are assigned different resource blocks in spatial and frequency domains, allowing resource reuse while controlling interference through localized resource differentiation
Solution Approach 2:
The eNodeB acts as an intermediary that coordinates resource allocation between C-UEs and V-UEs. It manages the resource block assignments, monitors interference levels, and dynamically adjusts allocations to balance resource reuse efficiency with interference control
2Speed
If D2D communication is used for V2V links, then transmission speed and energy efficiency are improved, but latency control becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic resource allocation where resource blocks for V2V communications are assigned and reconfigured in real-time based on traffic conditions, vehicle mobility, and QoS requirements. This dynamic approach enables the system to adapt transmission parameters to maintain low latency while achieving high transmission speeds
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary resource allocation and channel selection before actual data transmission. By pre-configuring resource blocks and establishing communication channels in advance, the system reduces setup latency and ensures immediate high-speed transmission when needed
3Measurement precision
If eNodeB controls all resource allocation, then resource management precision is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments resource management into multiple levels: the eNodeB handles macro-level resource allocation and coordination, while distributed algorithms at the vehicle level handle local resource selection and adjustment. This segmentation maintains precise resource management through centralized coordination while reducing overall system complexity through distributed execution
4Productivity
If resource blocks are reused for V2V and cellular links, then spectrum efficiency is improved, but QoS guarantee becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by dynamically adjusting transmission power, modulation schemes, and resource block assignments based on real-time channel conditions and QoS requirements. This allows the system to maintain QoS guarantees while reusing spectrum resources by adapting parameters to ensure reliable service delivery
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
Procedure for allocating radio-electric resources in cellular networks to cellular user equipments, UEs, a base station and vehicle user equipments, V-UEs, carrying out vehicle-to-vehicle, V2V, communications, comprising the steps of grouping of the V-UEs (3) in clusters according to direction, distance and speed, election for each cluster (4) of a central vehicle or Cluster Head for coordination of the communications within the cluster, calculation of the minimum distance required between UEs (2) and V-UEs or V2V links to enable the reuse of the same radio-electric resources, calculation of associated transmission powers of the eventual links between UEs (2) and the base station (1) and of the V2V links (6), based on the previously calculated distance information, calculation of the weighted value according to the attributes of the V2V link and the type of message to be transmitted, and application of metaheuristics that enable an efficient solution to be obtained for the allocation and reuse of radio-electric resources.