6xxx Aluminum Forging Stock With Recrystallization-Resistant Microstructure

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing aluminum forgings, particularly 6xxx series alloys, face challenges in achieving a balanced combination of strength, ductility, and fatigue properties due to recrystallization during forging and thermal treatments, which can degrade the mechanical properties of thin structural materials.

Innovation Solution

A specific alloy composition and manufacturing process are employed, including controlled recrystallization through an aluminum extrusion feedstock with limited Fe content and low extrusion ratios, combined with homogenization and water quenching, to maintain a fibrous structure and limit recrystallization, ensuring a balanced microstructure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Shape

If multiple deformation steps at high temperature are used during forging, then the shaping capability is improved, but recrystallization occurs which degrades mechanical properties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveforging shapeVSAvoidmechanical properties
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention performs preliminary actions by optimizing the chemical composition (adding Ti, B, and Zr elements) and controlling the microstructure before forging to prevent recrystallization during subsequent high-temperature deformation steps. The microstructure is prepared in advance with fine grains and controlled precipitates that remain stable during forging operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes material parameters by controlling chemical composition (Ti: 0.01-0.05%, B: 0.001-0.01%, Zr: 0.01-0.05%) and processing parameters (extrusion ratio, forging temperature, deformation amount) to achieve a microstructure that resists recrystallization while maintaining formability during multiple deformation steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Weight of moving object

If thin sections are produced to reduce weight, then the weight reduction is achieved, but the balance between strength, ductility and fatigue properties deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent weightVSAvoidstrength-ductility-fatigue balance
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes material parameters by optimizing chemical composition and microstructure to enable thin-section forgings to achieve superior mechanical properties. The controlled addition of Ti, B, and Zr elements creates a microstructure that maintains strength, ductility, and fatigue resistance even in thin sections with complex geometries.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a composite microstructure with fine grains, controlled precipitates (Mg2Si, Al-Fe-Si), and dispersoids from Ti, B, and Zr elements. This multi-phase microstructure provides synergistic effects that enhance strength, ductility, and fatigue properties simultaneously in thin-section components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Strength

If Fe content is increased to improve strength, then the strength is improved, but the balance with ductility and fatigue properties deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovestrengthVSAvoidcomposition balance
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The invention optimizes the Fe content parameter within a specific range (0.01-0.15%) and balances it with other alloying elements (Si: 0.6-1.4%, Mg: 0.4-1.2%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, Cu: 0.05-0.60%) to achieve the desired composition balance that provides strength while maintaining ductility and fatigue properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Shape

If extrusion ratio is increased to refine microstructure, then the microstructure refinement is achieved, but the fibrous structure is degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovemicrostructureVSAvoidfibrous structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The invention optimizes the extrusion ratio parameter to a specific range (4-12) that achieves sufficient microstructure refinement while preserving the fibrous structure. This controlled extrusion ratio, combined with controlled rolling and forging, creates an optimal balance between grain refinement and fibrous structure retention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in forged products with enhanced strength, ductility, and fatigue resistance, particularly suitable for automotive components like suspension arms, by preventing recrystallization and maintaining a fine substructure.

Implementation Method 1

said cast billet is homogenized

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHomogenization: Diffusion

Implementation Method 2

water quenching the solid extrusion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectQuenching: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

comprising Mn containing dispersed particles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPrecipitation: Precipitation

Implementation Method 4

limit recrystallization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGrain boundary strengthening: Grain Boundary Strengthening

Data Source

PatentEP3728666B16xxx aluminium alloy extruded forging stock and method of manufacturing thereof
Publication Date: 2025.11.12 CONSTELLIUM EXTRUSIONS DECIN
  • EP3728666B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

The invention concerns an aluminum extruded product as feedstock for forging comprising in weight percent Si : 0.6 % to 1.4 %, Fe : 0.01 % to 0.15 %, Cu : 0.05 % to 0.60 %, Mn : 0.4 % to 1 %„ Mg : 0.4 % to 1.2 %, Cr : 0.05 % to 0.25 %, Zn < 0.2 %, Ti < 0.1 %, Zr < 0.05 %, the rest being aluminium and unavoidable impurities having a content of less than 0.05% each, total being less than 0.15%, wherein the number density of Mn containing dispersed particles is at least equal to 2.5 particles per μιη2, preferably 3.0 particles per μm. The invention also concerns the process to obtain the aluminum extruded product as feedstock for forging.