8b/10b Delimiter Coding for Embedded Bits and Run-Length Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing 8b/10b coding schemes are inefficient when an information bit is appended to the data payload, affecting coding efficiency and requiring complex decoding processes.
Innovation Solution
A coding scheme that inserts a delimiter with an information bit and an opposing polarity bit at the head or tail of 8b/10b codewords, maintaining a maximum run-length of 5 consecutive bits of the same polarity, allowing for efficient transmission and decoding without affecting DC balance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If an information bit is appended to the data payload, then the data capacity is increased, but the coding efficiency of the 8b/10b coder is seriously affected
Solution Approach 1:
The information bit is segmented from the main data payload and placed in a dedicated delimiter structure. The delimiter is inserted at specific positions (head or tail of 8b/10b codewords) rather than appending to the payload, allowing the payload to maintain its integer multiple of 8 bits for efficient 8b/10b coding while the information bit is transmitted through the delimiter mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
A delimiter acts as an intermediary between the data payload and the information bit. The delimiter includes the information bit and is inserted into the 8b/10b coded data stream without disrupting the payload structure. This intermediary structure allows information bit transmission while preserving the efficiency of 8b/10b coding for the main payload.
2Quantity of substance
If an information bit is appended to the data payload, then the data capacity is increased, but the decoding process becomes complex
Solution Approach 1:
The delimiter containing the information bit is segmented from the main data stream and placed at identifiable positions (head or tail of codewords). This segmentation allows the decoder to easily locate and extract the information bit without having to parse through the entire payload structure, simplifying the decoding process.
Solution Approach 2:
The delimiter uses distinctive bit patterns (specific combinations of 0s and 1s) that differ from normal data patterns. These distinctive patterns act as markers that are easily recognizable during decoding, allowing the receiver to identify delimiter positions and extract information bits without complex analysis of the payload structure.
3Quantity of substance
If delimiters are inserted into the data stream, then information bits can be transmitted, but the run-length constraint may be violated
Solution Approach 1:
The run-length constraint is applied locally to different parts of the data stream. Normal 8b/10b codewords maintain the standard run-length constraint, while delimiters are specially designed with controlled bit patterns that ensure they do not violate the maximum run-length of 5 when inserted. The local structure of delimiters is optimized to complement the surrounding codewords and maintain overall constraint compliance.
Solution Approach 2:
The delimiter structure uses specific parameter choices (bit patterns) that change based on the information bit value and the surrounding context. By selecting appropriate delimiter patterns that account for the adjacent codeword bits, the system maintains the run-length constraint while still encoding the information bit effectively.
Data Source
AI summary
In an aspect, a method of coding a data stream is provided. In an aspect, the method includes mapping, by a data stream encoder, bits into one or more delimiters for the data stream while limiting a maximum run-length of a same polarity of bits in the data stream to be no more than 5. Each of the one or more delimiters include a zero bit and a one bit appended to an 8b/10b codeword of one or more 8b/10b codewords in the data stream. In an aspect, the method further includes transmitting, by a transmitter, the one or more delimiters in the data stream.