A heat transfer sheet assembly with an intermediate spacing feature

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional heat transfer sheets in rotary regenerative air preheaters face a trade-off between structural rigidity and operational efficiency, with high soot blowing pressures causing mechanical damage and reduced efficiency due to increased pressure drop and fouling, especially at the cold-end elements.

Innovation Solution

A heat transfer sheet assembly with a first sheet element having a first profile and a second sheet element with a complementary profile, featuring parallel sheet spacing features and lobular undulations, which form close-sided channels to enhance structural rigidity and heat transfer efficiency while withstanding higher soot blowing pressures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If conventional sheet spacing features are used to provide structural integrity, then the assembly can withstand soot blowing pressures, but the channels remain open-sided allowing high velocity uninterrupted flow that reduces heat transfer efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural integrityVSAvoidheat transfer efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The channel is segmented into multiple sections by dividing the sheet spacing features into first and second sets that form separate channel sections. This segmentation allows the channel to be closed-sided while maintaining structural integrity and promoting turbulent flow through the segmented structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from open-sided to closed-sided channels by adding spacing features in both longitudinal directions, effectively closing the channel in the transverse dimension while maintaining the longitudinal flow path. This dimensional change enables turbulent flow and improved heat transfer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If turbulent flow is promoted through the channels to increase heat transfer efficiency, then heat transfer improves, but pressure drop across the preheater increases requiring higher fan power

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat transfer efficiencyVSAvoidfan power
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

Turbulent flow is promoted locally within the closed-sided channels through their specific geometry and configuration, while the overall flow path remains optimized to minimize pressure drop. The channel sections are designed to create turbulence where it benefits heat transfer while maintaining efficient flow through the assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Productivity

If higher soot blowing pressures are used to clean the heat transfer sheets, then cleaning effectiveness improves, but mechanical damage to the sheets increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecleaning effectivenessVSAvoidmechanical damage
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The sheet spacing features include rounded corners and curved surfaces rather than sharp edges. This curvature design allows soot blowing pressure to be distributed more evenly across the sheet surfaces, preventing concentrated stress points that could cause mechanical damage while maintaining effective cleaning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The closed-sided channel structure and rounded spacing features act as a cushioning mechanism that absorbs and distributes the impact of high pressure soot blowing, protecting the heat transfer sheets from direct mechanical damage while maintaining cleaning effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

4Loss of energy

If the heat transfer sheet assembly weight is reduced to decrease rotation power requirements, then energy efficiency improves, but structural rigidity and ability to withstand soot blowing pressures deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotation powerVSAvoidstructural rigidity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer sheet assembly uses a composite structure combining multiple sheet layers with integrated spacing features formed from the sheet material itself. This composite design provides high structural rigidity and strength-to-weight ratio, enabling the assembly to withstand soot blowing pressures while maintaining reduced weight for efficient rotation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The segmented channel structure created by multiple sets of spacing features distributes mechanical loads across the assembly, enhancing overall structural rigidity without requiring additional weight. The segmented design allows each section to support itself, reducing the total material needed while maintaining strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The assembly maintains thermal performance and mechanical stability under higher soot blowing pressures, reducing mechanical damage and fan power requirements, and improves heat transfer efficiency by promoting turbulent flow without negatively impacting operational efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The heat transfer sheets absorb heat from the flue gas stream and transfer this heat to the combustion air stream

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

Some heat transfer sheets include undulation patterns between the sheet spacing features to impede flow in a portion of the channel and thereby causing turbulent flow which increases heat transfer efficiency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbulence: Turbulence

Data Source

PatentEP3563109B1A heat transfer sheet assembly with an intermediate spacing feature
Publication Date: 2022.03.30 ARVOS LJUNGSTROM LLC
  • EP3563109B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3563109B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3563109B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A heat transfer sheet assembly (7) for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger, has first and second heat transfer sheet elements (8, 9) stacked one against the other with a first repeat R1 of a first profile on one sheet element (8) opposing a second repeat R2 of a second profile on the other sheet element (9). The sheet elements (8, 9) are spaced apart by a plurality of wide-gauged parallel sheet spacing features (21, 22) of the first profile repeat R1 and (23, 24) of the second profile repeat R2 to form a generally close sided elongate channel (25) for gaseous flow therethrough. The second profile of repeat R2 further comprises an elongate fifth sheet spacing feature (26) in the form of a lobe contacting undulations (29) of the adjacent first profile of repeat R1. In an embodiment, the first and second sheet elements each have a composite third profile including both the first repeat of the first profile and the second repeat of the second profile.