Abamectin Emulsifiable Concentrate for Low-Temperature Dilution Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-content abamectin emulsifiable concentrates face issues of low temperature stability and crystallization during high dilution with water, leading to product quality issues and equipment blockage.
Innovation Solution
A stable emulsifiable concentrate is formulated using a combination of abamectin, an amide of formula (I) and/or an alkyl lactate of formula (II), along with optional surfactants, to maintain stability at low temperatures and during high dilution ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high-content abamectin emulsifiable concentrate is formulated to reduce packaging and transportation costs, then productivity and economic efficiency are improved, but low temperature stability deteriorates causing crystallization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a specific solvent system comprising cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, and/or ethyl formate as intermediary substances that mediate between the high abamectin concentration and low temperature stability requirements. These solvents act as carriers that prevent crystallization at low temperatures while enabling high concentrate formulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite emulsifiable concentrate system by combining abamectin with specific solvent components (cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl formate) and surfactants. This composite formulation achieves both high concentration and low temperature stability through the synergistic interaction of multiple components.
2Loss of substance
If high-content abamectin emulsifiable concentrate is used to reduce solvent usage, then environmental impact and cost are improved, but crystallization during high dilution occurs blocking spray equipment
Solution Approach 1:
The specific solvent system (cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl formate) serves as an intermediary that maintains abamectin in solution during high dilution. These solvents prevent premature crystallization when the concentrate is diluted 10,000-40,000 times, ensuring spray equipment remains unblocked.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical-chemical parameters of the formulation by selecting specific solvents with appropriate solubility parameters and viscosity characteristics. This parameter optimization ensures the concentrate remains stable during storage and application, preventing crystallization at high dilution ratios.
3Stability of the object's composition
If conventional low-content emulsifiable concentrate is used, then low temperature stability is maintained, but packaging and transportation costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone, and/or ethyl formate as intermediary solvents that enable high concentration formulation while maintaining low temperature stability. These solvents allow the concentrate to remain stable at temperatures below -10°C despite the high abamectin content.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the concentration parameter from conventional low-content (1.8% or 18 g/L) to high-content formulation (5% or higher) while maintaining stability through optimized solvent selection and formulation chemistry.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The concentrate remains stable at low temperatures and does not crystallize during high dilution, preventing equipment blockage and reducing packaging and solvent discharge, while maintaining effective pesticide performance.
Implementation Method 1
a stable emulsifiable concentrate including a high content of abamectin can be prepared using a combination of an amide of formula (I) and/or an alkyl lactate of formula (II)
Data Source
AI summary
An emulsifiable concentrate comprising a high content of abamectin is provided. The concentrate includes an amide solvent of formula (I) and an alkyl lactate of formula (II):wherein R1 is C5-C19 alkyl and R2 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or a mixture thereof;wherein R3 is C1-C16 alkyl. The concentrate optionally includes a surfactant. The concentrate exhibits very good low temperature stability and dilution stability. A method for preparing the concentrate; and an emulsion that can be obtained by mixing water, abamectin, the amide of formula (I) and the alkyl lactate of formula (II), is also provided.