Abrasive Jet Perforating Tool Lodging Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional abrasive jet perforating tools face issues with tool lodging due to sand and formation cuttings, require multiple tool designs for different casing sizes, and lack effective protection against unauthorized duplication and removal.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a cylindrically shaped tool with threaded abrasive jets, protective plates, gauge rings for centering and protection, and a mechanical casing collar locator for precise depth measurement, along with variable jet sizes and configurations to prevent lodging and facilitate easy removal, while also incorporating features to protect intellectual property.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional abrasive jet perforating tools are used, then the tool can perforate casing and cement, but the tool lodges due to sand and formation cuttings deposition
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful deposition of sand and cuttings into a beneficial cleaning mechanism by using upwardly directed jets to flush debris away from the tool, transforming the lodging problem into an effective cleaning and circulation system
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the jet system dynamic by enabling selective activation of different jet groups (upwardly directed jets vs. laterally directed jets) based on operational needs, allowing the tool to adapt its cleaning and perforating functions during operation
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple tool designs are created for different casing sizes, then each tool fits specific casing, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal tool design that can accommodate different casing sizes through adjustable components and configurable jet arrangements, allowing one tool to perform multiple functions across various casing dimensions rather than requiring separate tools for each size
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the jet system into separable groups (upwardly directed jets and laterally directed jets) that can be selectively activated, allowing the tool to be configured for different operational requirements and casing sizes without redesigning the entire tool
3Ease of repair
If abrasive jets are mounted on the tool, then the jets can be removed for maintenance, but unauthorized removal and duplication becomes possible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates anti-tamper features and secure mounting mechanisms during the design phase that prevent unauthorized removal while allowing legitimate maintenance, addressing the intellectual property protection need before any removal attempt can occur
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses specialized mounting mechanisms and anti-tamper devices as intermediaries between the jets and the tool body, controlling the removal process to prevent unauthorized duplication while maintaining ease of legitimate repair
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances tool performance, reduces the need for multiple tool designs, prevents lodging, and safeguards against unauthorized use, leading to cost-effective operation and improved sand jet perforating efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
abrasive jets (17) ejecting abrasive-carrying fluid slurry under high pressure to perforate the casing (12), the cement (13), and the reservoir (11)
Implementation Method 2
protective plates (18) protecting the abrasive jets (17) from damage due to the rebound of the abrasive material in the ejected fluid slurry
Data Source
AI summary
A abrasive jet perforating tool comprises a generally cylindrically shaped tube with a side, an upper portion, and a lower portion; a plurality of holes tapped and threaded into the side of the tube; threaded abrasive jets mounted in at least some of the plurality of threaded holes; protective plates mounted on the side of the tube around the abrasive jets; gauge rings that slide onto an outer diameter of the upper portion and the lower portion of the tube; and a mechanical casing collar locator connected to the upper portion of the tube.