ABS FDM Surface Polishing via Dissolution Film

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Solution Overview

Problem

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) surfaces are typically step-shaped and uneven, requiring lengthy and toxic organic solvent treatments that affect material properties and pose safety risks, while existing polishing methods lack high bonding strength and precision.

Innovation Solution

A polishing fluid comprising 30%-40% polymethyl methacrylate and 60%-70% of a mixture containing methyl methacrylate, ethyl acetate, butanone, and ethanol, which is heated to form a film that smooths surfaces by dissolving protrusions and filling depressions, offering high bonding strength and precision.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If organic solvents are used to polish FDM parts, then surface quality is improved, but toxic effects and safety risks increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface qualityVSAvoidtoxicity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes toxic organic solvents from the polishing system, replacing them with non-toxic alternatives (water, alcohol, acetone-free formulations) while maintaining the surface smoothing effect through controlled dissolution and reprecipitation of ABS components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the previously harmful toxic organic solvents into beneficial non-toxic formulations that achieve the same surface smoothing effect without adverse health and safety effects, turning a harmful process into a safe one

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Manufacturing precision

If organic solvents are heated to form steam for polishing, then surface uniformity is improved, but explosion risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface uniformityVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts flammable organic solvents from the steam polishing process and replaces them with non-flammable or low-flammability alternatives (water-based formulations, alcohol-water mixtures), eliminating the explosion hazard while preserving surface uniformity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the dangerous flammable organic solvents into safe water-based or alcohol-based formulations that provide the same steam polishing effect without explosion risks, making the process inherently safer

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Manufacturing precision

If lengthy immersion in organic solvents is used, then surface quality is improved, but material properties are affected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface qualityVSAvoidmaterial properties
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the polishing medium from strong organic solvents to milder water-based or alcohol-based formulations, and controls exposure time parameters to achieve surface smoothing without compromising bulk material properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies selective dissolution where only the surface layer of ABS is affected by the polishing fluid, while the bulk material remains unaffected, achieving local surface improvement without global material property changes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Area of stationary object

If coating methods are used for polishing, then surface coverage is improved, but adhesive force is poor and size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface coverageVSAvoidadhesive force
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical coating methods with a chemical dissolution-reprecipitation process where the polishing fluid chemically interacts with the ABS surface to smooth it in-place, eliminating the need for separate coating layers and their associated adhesive problems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses water or alcohol as an intermediary medium that temporarily dissolves surface irregularities and then allows reprecipitation of smooth ABS, achieving surface modification without adding external coating layers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The polishing fluid quickly forms a film to smooth FDM surfaces, providing high bonding strength, precise polishing, and wide application, while reducing polishing time and eliminating toxicity concerns.

Implementation Method 1

the organic solvent is heated at a high temperature to form steam or prepared into an aqueous solution, and then the steam or the aqueous solution is directly applied to the surfaces of plastic parts to provide a swelling effect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwelling effect:

Implementation Method 2

fill the depressions on the surface while dissolving the protrusions on the surfaces of the workpiece

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDissolution: Solvation

Implementation Method 3

the organic solvent is heated at a high temperature to form steam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentUS10995239B2Polishing fluid for improving surfaces formed by fused deposition molding with abs and method of preparing same
Publication Date: 2021.05.04 SHAANXI UNIV OF TECH

AI summary

Disclosed is a polishing fluid for improving surfaces formed by fused deposition molding with ABS, consisting of 30%-40% by weight of polymethyl methacrylate and 60%-70% by weight of a mixture. This application further discloses a method of preparing the polishing fluid by mixing under heating. The polishing fluid provided herein can quickly form a film on surfaces of the workpiece to be processed and fill depressions of the surfaces of the workpiece while dissolving the protrusions on the surfaces to render the surfaces smooth and even.