Absorbent Article Layer Structure for Low-Viscosity Fecal Leakage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing absorbent articles struggle with quick absorption and leakage prevention of runny feces in infants, particularly those under 6 months of age, due to the use of 3D topsheets that are costly and can stick to the skin, and apertured topsheets that are rigid and mark the skin.
Innovation Solution
A non-apertured nonwoven topsheet with an optional acquisition layer, combined with an apertured central layer forming a three-dimensional surface, allowing the topsheet to conform to the apertures and provide effective absorption of runny feces while minimizing skin contact.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If 3D protrusions are used on the topsheet to limit spreading of runnym BM, then leakage prevention is improved, but manufacturing cost increases and skin contact time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The topsheet is segmented into multiple layers including a first topsheet layer and a second topsheet layer with through-apertures, creating a multi-level structure that limits stool spreading while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through layered construction
Solution Approach 2:
The second topsheet layer incorporates through-apertures that allow runnym BM to pass through while the three-dimensional configuration of layers limits spreading, providing leakage prevention through porous structure rather than expensive 3D protrusions
2Productivity
If apertured topsheet is used to allow runnym stools to pass through, then absorption speed is improved, but the topsheet becomes rigid and marks the skin
Solution Approach 1:
The topsheet combines multiple materials including a first topsheet layer and a second topsheet layer with through-apertures, creating a composite structure that maintains flexibility to prevent skin marking while enabling rapid absorption through the apertured design
Solution Approach 2:
The apertures are strategically positioned and sized (e.g., 0.5mm to 2mm diameter) to provide localized absorption pathways for runnym BM while the surrounding material maintains flexibility and comfort against the skin
3Quantity of substance
If unbonded acquisition layer is used to create void volume, then absorption capacity is improved, but structural stability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The acquisition layer is pre-configured with specific bonding characteristics to the absorbent core, creating predetermined void volumes that enhance absorption capacity while maintaining structural stability through controlled bonding relationships
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances absorption efficiency and reduces skin contact issues, providing improved comfort and leakage prevention for infants with runny feces.
Implementation Method 1
an apertured central layer... that can absorb and retain runnym BM (bowel movement)
Implementation Method 2
The central layer may be a nonwoven comprising or consisting of superabsorbent fibers
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
A personal absorbent article (20) comprising in this order a topsheet (24), an optional acquisition layer (50), an apertured central layer (60) and a backsheet (25). The apertured central layer may be a nonwoven comprising or consisting of superabsorbent fibers. The topsheet, together with the optional acquisition layer when present, at least partially conforms to the apertures of the apertured central layer so that a three-dimensional surface on the wearer-facing side of the article is provided.