Absorption-Induction Dust Control for Fully-Mechanized Coal Faces
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dust control and removal measures in coal mines, particularly at fully-mechanized working faces, are inadequate in managing high dust concentrations exceeding national standards, posing health and safety risks to workers and hindering safe production due to increasing dust production with mechanization advancements.
Innovation Solution
An absorption-induction convectional dust-controlling/removing air/fog curtain device and method utilizing extraction type dust-purifying blowers, sector deflectors, shearer external spraying devices, and inter-hydraulic-support spraying devices to create a fog curtain and air curtain, effectively capturing and precipitating dusts through a combination of spraying, induction, and centrifugal purification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If coal seam water injection and spraying-precipitation measures are implemented, then dust precipitation effect is achieved to a certain extent, but dust production continuously increases with mechanization improvement, making existing measures ineffective
Solution Approach 1:
The dust control system is divided into multiple functional segments: water spraying devices for dust precipitation, extraction-type dust-purifying blowers for dust removal, and sector deflectors for air flow direction control. Each segment targets specific dust sources or implements specific control functions, allowing the system to handle increasing dust production from mechanized operations effectively.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple dust control methods into a integrated system: water spraying precipitation, mechanical extraction blower removal, and air curtain convectional flow control. This merging of different control mechanisms creates a synergistic effect that addresses the insufficiency of single-method approaches in highly mechanized environments.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If existing dust control measures are used, then some dust precipitation is achieved, but dust levels in working regions exceed national standards, posing health and safety risks
Solution Approach 1:
The extraction-type dust-purifying blowers act as intermediary devices between dust generation sources and the working environment. These blowers actively extract and remove dust particles through centrifugal force, serving as a reliable intermediate control mechanism that ensures dust levels remain below national standards while maintaining effective precipitation control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces passive mechanical water spraying systems with active mechanical extraction systems. The extraction-type dust-purifying blowers use rotational impellers to generate centrifugal force, actively capturing and removing dust particles rather than relying solely on passive water precipitation, thereby enhancing reliability and control effectiveness.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If water spraying is used to form fog curtain, then dust precipitation is achieved, but dust recirculation may occur, reducing control effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of allowing dust to naturally settle or recirculate, the system inverts the approach by using extraction blowers to actively pull dust away from working regions and sector deflectors to direct air flow away from dust sources. This inverted control strategy prevents dust recirculation by creating directed flow patterns that move dust toward extraction points rather than allowing random recirculation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs pneumatic systems (extraction-type dust-purifying blowers) to create controlled air currents that prevent dust recirculation. The blowers generate negative pressure zones that actively draw dust particles away from working areas, while the sector deflectors manipulate air flow directions to maintain consistent outward movement of dust-laden air, effectively preventing recirculation patterns.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly reduces high-concentration dust levels in the working region, creating a safer and cleaner environment by combining absorption, induction, and convectional air curtain technologies to prevent dust recirculation and ensure effective dust control during coal cutting and support advancing procedures.
Implementation Method 1
the extraction type dust-purifying blower is started simultaneously to centrifugally remove part of high-concentration dusts produced by coal cutting of the shearer by sucking the part of dusts into the extraction type dust-purifying blower by a negative pressure generated through rotation of impellers
Implementation Method 2
the sector deflector connected with the air outlet spreads an original columnar air current toward a roof and a floor of a roadway respectively in a vertical space to form an air curtain with its sector area gradually increasing so as to block dusts
Implementation Method 3
the shearer external spraying devices are mounted at both sides of the body of the shearer close to the rocking arms respectively and spray onto the front and rear drums at a certain angle to form a fog curtain thus perform spraying precipitation for part of dusts
Implementation Method 4
spray onto the front and rear drums at a certain angle to form a fog curtain thus perform spraying precipitation for part of dusts produced when the front and rear drums of the shearer perform cutting
Data Source
AI summary
An absorption-induction convectional dust-controlling/removing air/fog curtain device of a fully-mechanized working face and a method thereof, wherein the device includes an extraction type dust-purifying blower, a sector deflector, a shearer external spraying device and an inter-hydraulic-support spraying device. The shearer external spraying devices are mounted at both sides of a shearer body close to rocking arms of a shearer and the inter-hydraulic-support spraying devices are mounted at two un-advanced hydraulic supports and two hydraulic supports at a leeward side of a front drum of the shearer respectively. Two extraction type dust-purifying blowers symmetrically mounted at the rocking arm close to the body of the shearer are started simultaneously with their air inlets exactly facing front and rear drums of the shearer respectively, and air outlets connected with the sector deflector. With the device and the method, the working environment is improved and safe production of the coal mine is guaranteed.