AC to DC Power Converter Eliminating Bridge Rectifier Losses
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power conversion systems in information handling systems, such as switch mode power supplies, suffer from inefficiency due to unwanted power dissipation caused by rectifier bridge diodes, which adversely affect conversion efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An AC to DC power converter design that includes a primary circuit with an inductor coupled in series with primary windings and switches to a ground connection, and a secondary circuit electromagnetically coupled to the primary circuit, where a controller operates the switches to induce current in the secondary circuit, eliminating the need for bridge rectifiers and reducing power losses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If bridge rectifiers are used in power conversion systems, then the system structure is simple and reliable, but power losses increase and conversion efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the bridge rectifier component from the power conversion system entirely. By extracting this harmful element, the system eliminates the associated power losses and efficiency problems while replacing it with an alternative topology using switches and inductors that achieves rectification without the detrimental effects of bridge rectifiers.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the passive mechanical/electrical bridge rectifier structure with an active switching system using electronic switches and inductors. This substitution transforms the rectification mechanism from a passive component-based system to an active control-based system, achieving better efficiency through controlled switching operations.
2Productivity
If switch mode power supplies are used, then power conversion capability is improved, but efficiency decreases due to unwanted power dissipation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic switching of the electronic switches in a controlled sequence, creating alternating current paths through the inductors. This periodic action enables power conversion while minimizing continuous power dissipation, as the switches operate in pulsed modes rather than continuous conduction, reducing resistive losses.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic control of the switching elements to optimize power conversion efficiency. By dynamically adjusting the switching timing and duration, the system adapts operating conditions to minimize power dissipation while maintaining required conversion capability, transforming a static system into a dynamically optimized one.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design improves conversion efficiency by eliminating power losses associated with bridge rectifiers, achieving an estimated efficiency improvement of 1-2% and enabling efficient power supply for information handling systems.
Implementation Method 1
A secondary circuit is electromagnetically coupled to the primary circuit. A controller operates the first switch and the second switch in a predetermined manner to induce a current in the secondary circuit.
Data Source
AI summary
An alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) power converter comprises a first electrical path in a primary circuit having an inductor coupled in series with a first primary winding and a first switch to a ground connection. A second electrical path in the primary circuit has the inductor coupled in series with a second primary winding and a second switch to the ground connection. A secondary circuit is electromagnetically coupled to the primary circuit. A controller operates the first switch and the second switch in a predetermined manner to induce a current in the secondary circuits.