Acceleration Sensor Spring Force Compensation Trim Electrodes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing acceleration sensors face limitations in reducing spring stiffness while maintaining sensitivity and shock resistance, due to manufacturing constraints.

Innovation Solution

The acceleration sensor employs trimming electrodes connected to the sensor mass and substrate, allowing for adjustable electrostatic forces that counteract spring forces, enabling flexible adjustment of the effective spring constant and reducing manufacturing tolerances.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If spring stiffness is reduced to increase sensitivity, then sensitivity to acceleration is improved, but shock resistance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesensitivityVSAvoidshock resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies electrostatic forces between trim electrodes and the sensor mass to dynamically adjust and compensate the spring force in real-time. By applying a DC voltage to the trim electrodes, an electrostatic force is generated that counteracts the spring force, allowing the effective spring constant to be adjusted without changing the physical spring elements. This resolves the contradiction by enabling low effective stiffness for sensitivity while maintaining the physical spring structure for shock resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the electrical parameter (voltage applied to trim electrodes) to control the electrostatic force, which in turn adjusts the effective spring constant. By varying the voltage, the system can achieve different effective stiffness values without modifying the mechanical spring structure, thus maintaining both sensitivity and shock resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If spring stiffness is reduced below manufacturing limits, then sensitivity is improved, but manufacturing feasibility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesensitivityVSAvoidmanufacturing feasibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces part of the mechanical spring system with an electrostatic force system. Instead of relying solely on mechanical springs to provide the restoring force, electrostatic forces between the trim electrodes and sensor mass are used to compensate and adjust the spring force. This substitution allows the effective spring constant to be tuned beyond what is achievable with mechanical manufacturing alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses electrical voltage as a control parameter to adjust the electrostatic force, thereby changing the effective spring constant without changing the physical dimensions or material properties of the manufactured components. This allows sensitivity optimization independent of manufacturing constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If additional trim electrodes are added to compensate spring forces, then spring rate adjustability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespring rate adjustabilityVSAvoidelectrode structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the trim electrodes serve multiple functions: they generate electrostatic forces to compensate spring forces, enable spring constant adjustment, and can potentially serve as detection electrodes. By making the trim electrodes multi-functional, the need for separate adjustment mechanisms is eliminated, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining adjustability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the function of spring compensation electrodes with the detection electrode function into a single electrode structure. The trim electrodes are integrated with the sensor mass and substrate, merging multiple functions into fewer components, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining spring rate adjustability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for a freely adjustable spring rate, increased sensitivity, and reduced distortions, enhancing the reliability and compactness of the acceleration sensor by compensating spring forces with electrostatic forces, thus overcoming manufacturing limitations.

Implementation Method 1

an electrostatic force is generated on the sensor mass by applying an electrical trim voltage between the first and second trim electrodes, which opposes the spring force

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic force: Electrostatics

Data Source

PatentEP3250931B9Acceleration sensor having spring force compensation
Publication Date: 2019.05.22 NORTHROP GRUMMAN LITEF GMBH
  • EP3250931B9 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3250931B9 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3250931B9 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to an acceleration sensor (100) having a sensor material (120) which is mounted by means of spring elements (130) so as to be movable along a movement axis (x) over a substrate (110), first trim electrodes (140) which are connected to the sensor material (120), and second trim electrodes (150) which are connected to the substrate (110) and are associated with the first trim electrodes (140). When the sensor material is deflected along the movement axis, a spring force acting on the sensor material (120) is generated by the spring elements (130), and when the sensor material (120) is deflected, an electrostatic force acting on the sensor material (120), which counteracts the spring force, is generated by application of an electrical trim voltage between the first trim electrodes (140) and the second trim elements (150).