Particle Accelerator Beam Extraction Dynamics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current particle accelerators face challenges in reducing size while maintaining efficient beam extraction and minimizing the magnetic field generation region of deflection electromagnets, leading to increased costs and manufacturing difficulties, especially when using superconductive electromagnets.
Innovation Solution
A particle accelerator design that includes multiple deflection sections with quadrupole electromagnets and strategically placed output deflectors, controlled to achieve a phase advance of 270±45 degrees for the output beam, allowing for reduced magnetic field generation regions and efficient beam extraction without significant beam loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the size of the synchrotron is reduced by increasing the magnetic field of the deflection electromagnet and shortening the deflection section, then the overall size of the particle accelerator is reduced, but a long space is required for arranging the preceding-stage output deflector and succeeding-stage output deflector to extract the output beam without loss, which conflicts with shortening the straight sections
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the magnetic field strength of the deflection electromagnet variable rather than fixed. The control unit dynamically adjusts the magnetic field strength based on the position and energy of the particle beam, allowing the same electromagnet to function both for deflecting the circulating beam and for extracting the output beam. This dynamic adjustment eliminates the need for separate deflection sections and output deflector spaces, thereby reducing the overall size of the particle accelerator while maintaining efficient beam extraction.
2Volume of moving object
If a superconductive electromagnet with a high magnetic field is used to reduce the size of the circular accelerator, then the size of the particle beam therapy apparatus is reduced, but the manufacturing complexity and cost increase due to cooling requirements and manufacturing difficulties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing the deflection electromagnet to perform multiple functions: it deflects the circulating particle beam during acceleration and also extracts the output beam by varying its magnetic field strength. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate electromagnets for deflection and extraction, reducing the total number of superconductive electromagnets required and simplifying the cooling system, thereby reducing manufacturing complexity and cost while maintaining compact size.
3Volume of moving object
If the straight sections are shortened to reduce the size of the synchrotron, then the overall size is reduced, but the output beam cannot be separated and extracted without loss due to insufficient space for output deflectors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by varying the magnetic field strength parameter of the deflection electromagnet to achieve beam extraction. By dynamically changing the magnetic field strength from the value used for circulating beam deflection to a different value for extraction, the same electromagnet can perform both functions. This parameter change approach eliminates the need for additional space for separate output deflectors, allowing straight sections to be shortened while preventing beam loss during extraction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enables a compact particle accelerator with reduced costs and improved beam quality by minimizing the magnetic field generation regions, thus enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of particle beam therapy.
Implementation Method 1
a deflection section (121) having a deflection electromagnet (102)
Implementation Method 2
a second straight section (112) disposed on a downstream side of the first straight section in a traveling direction of the circulating beam and having a quadrupole electromagnet (104)
Implementation Method 3
the preceding output deflector (108) deflects some of the circulating beam toward one of an inner side and an outer side of a circulating trajectory of the circulating beam to separate the some of the circulating beam as an output beam
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed a particle accelerator that accelerates a charged particle beam while circulating the charged particle beam as a circulating beam and outputs some of the circulating beam as an output beam, the particle accelerator including: a first deflection section and a second deflection sections each having a deflection electromagnet; a first straight section, a second straight section, and third straight section each not having the deflection electromagnet; and a control unit, wherein a preceding output deflector of the first straight section deflects some of the circulating beam toward an inner side of a circulating trajectory of the circulating beam to separate the some of the circulating beam as an output beam, wherein a succeeding output deflector of the third straight section deflects the output beam separated from the circulating beam by the preceding output deflector toward an outer side of the circulating trajectory of the circulating beam, and wherein the control unit controls at least the quadrupole electromagnet such that a phase advance of a betatron oscillation of the output beam is 270±45 degrees in a section from the preceding output deflector to the succeeding output deflector.