Electrochemical Accumulator Cooling Air Space Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

High-performance electrochemical accumulators with high energy densities in hybrid and electric vehicles face challenges in effective cooling and safety due to heat generation and potential gas pressure issues, which can lead to safety hazards and increased costs from complex cooling systems and valve mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

The electrochemical accumulator design features a gas-tight separation between the cooling air space and degassing space, with independent air flow paths and bursting openings with membranes for pressure relief, eliminating the need for complex valve mechanisms and enhancing safety and efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If air cooling is used for high-performance accumulators, then cooling effectiveness is improved, but the risk of gas entering the passenger compartment increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidgas contamination risk
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling air space is segmented into separate channels for each cell, with gas-tight separations preventing gas from one cell's cooling channel from entering another cell's cooling channel or the passenger compartment. This segmentation maintains effective cooling while isolating potential gas contamination sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A gas-tight separation acts as an intermediary barrier between the cooling air space and the cell interior, preventing direct communication while allowing thermal coupling. This mediator enables cooling effectiveness without gas contamination risk.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If valve or flap mechanisms are used to separate cooling system from passenger compartment, then gas contamination is prevented, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas contamination preventionVSAvoidvalve and flap mechanisms
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The harmful valve and flap mechanisms are completely extracted from the system. Instead of using active components to prevent gas contamination, the design relies on passive gas-tight structural separations that inherently prevent gas migration without requiring additional mechanical devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The gas-tight separations are integrated into the structural design of the cooling channels themselves, making the structure serve the dual function of cooling and gas containment. This self-service approach eliminates the need for separate valve mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Object-affected harmful factors

If valve or flap mechanisms are used to regulate cooling air flow, then gas contamination is prevented, but cooling efficiency decreases due to increased resistance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas contamination preventionVSAvoidcooling air resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The gas-tight separations, which might be seen as flow restrictions, are designed to guide cooling air through optimized channels that maintain low resistance. The structural separations that prevent gas contamination simultaneously serve as flow paths that minimize energy loss, converting a potential harm into a beneficial design feature.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Temperature

If separate cooling system with heat exchangers is used to regulate cooling air temperature, then cooling precision is improved, but manufacturing cost increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling air temperature controlVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling air channels serve multiple functions simultaneously: they cool the cells, contain any potential gas releases, and guide air flow through the accumulator. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate temperature regulation systems with heat exchangers, reducing manufacturing costs while maintaining effective cooling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling function and gas containment function are merged into a single integrated system. The cooling channels are designed to perform both thermal management and safety containment, eliminating the need for separate systems and reducing overall manufacturing complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively prevents gas from entering the passenger compartment, reduces cooling system costs, and ensures safe operation by directly routing cooling air around cells and utilizing bursting membranes for pressure relief, enhancing both safety and efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

Cooling air ducts are provided in the accumulator between the individual cells for air cooling, through which cooling air is guided with the aid of a fan

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

the bursting openings are closed with bursting membranes, which allow gas to be released from the interiors of the cells at a defined overpressure in the interiors of the cells

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure-induced rupture: Fracture Mechanics

Data Source

PatentEP2248205B1Electrochemical accumulator and vehicle comprising an electrochemical accumulator
Publication Date: 2013.05.22 JOHNSON CONTROLS HYBRID & RECYCLING GMBH
  • EP2248205B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2248205B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2248205B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrochemical accumulator comprising a) a plurality of galvanic cells (2), b) a cover, c) a housing sealed by the cover, d) at least one connection pole for electrically contacting the accumulator (1) which is electrically connected to a group of the galvanic cells (2), e) an electrolyte in the housing, f) a cooling air space for receiving cooling air for cooling the cells (2), and g) a degassing space for receiving gas escaping from the cells (2) during a failure. According to the invention, the performance and safety are improved when h) the cooling air space and the degassing space are separated from each other in a gas-permeable manner, and i) the cooling air space and the degassing space are independently lead out of the housing.