Active Compression Decompression CPR Device with Magnetic Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current CPR methods are inefficient and prone to operator error, leading to inadequate blood circulation and ventilation, with manual techniques being tiring and potentially injurious, and existing mechanical devices being bulky, costly, and limited in availability outside medical facilities.
Innovation Solution
The development of systems and methods for active compression decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation that include a compression element, a flexible surface element, and an operator interface providing guidance on chest compressions and decompressions, with a large contact area to enhance blood flow and ventilation, and the option to deliver electrical defibrillation or modulate airway pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If manual CPR techniques are used, then the device is simple and portable, but operator fatigue increases and circulation effectiveness decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a mechanical CPR device as an intermediary tool between the operator and the patient. The device includes a compression member that transfers the operator's compressive force to the patient's chest, and a recovery member that passively assists the decompression phase. This intermediary mechanism amplifies the operator's input effort, providing more effective circulation while reducing the physical burden on the operator compared to direct manual chest compressions.
Solution Approach 2:
The recovery member of the device is designed to passively perform the decompression phase without requiring additional operator effort. After the compression member is released, the recovery member automatically returns to its initial position, facilitating the chest decompression phase. This self-service mechanism improves circulation effectiveness by ensuring complete decompression while reducing operator fatigue.
2Ease of operation
If manual CPR techniques are used, then the device is simple and portable, but the risk of injury to the patient increases
Solution Approach 1:
The compression member acts as a controlled intermediary that distributes compressive force more evenly across the patient's chest compared to direct hand application. The mechanical structure provides consistent compression depth and force distribution, reducing the risk of localized trauma, rib fractures, or sternal injuries while maintaining effective circulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates sensors that detect compression depth, compression force, and decompression characteristics. This feedback information is provided to the operator through visual or auditory signals, enabling real-time adjustment of compression parameters. The feedback mechanism ensures that compression forces remain within safe limits, preventing patient injury while maintaining effective circulation.
3Productivity
If mechanical CPR devices are used, then circulation effectiveness improves, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The CPR device is segmented into distinct functional components: a compression member for applying compressive force, a recovery member for passive decompression, a mounting assembly for attachment to the patient's chest, and a sensor system for monitoring. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and facilitates easier manufacturing, assembly, and maintenance, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining high circulation effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The device integrates multiple functions into a single system: chest compression, passive decompression, circulation enhancement, and real-time monitoring. The compression and recovery members work together to provide both compressive and decompressive phases, while the sensor system simultaneously monitors multiple parameters. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate devices and simplifies the overall system architecture.
4Productivity
If mechanical CPR devices are used, then circulation effectiveness improves, but availability outside medical facilities decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs disposable adhesive elements for mounting to the patient's chest, eliminating the need for complex reusable fastening mechanisms. The compression and recovery members are designed as lightweight, easily replaceable components that can be quickly exchanged if needed. This disposable approach reduces manufacturing complexity, lowers costs, and enables deployment in resource-limited settings outside medical facilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The device features adjustable mounting mechanisms that can adapt to different patient sizes and chest types. The compression member can be positioned at various locations on the chest, and the mounting system can accommodate different body morphologies. This dynamic adaptability allows the device to be effectively used across diverse populations and settings, enhancing availability outside controlled medical environments.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These systems improve blood circulation and ventilation, reduce operator fatigue, and are designed to be portable and accessible for use in emergency situations, providing enhanced CPR performance with reduced risk of injury to both the patient and the operator.
Implementation Method 1
actively applying pressure to the patient's chest in order to increase intrathoracic pressure. Such pressure increase will induce blood movement from the region of the heart and lungs through the peripheral arteries
Implementation Method 2
when pressure is withdrawn and the natural elasticity of the patient's chest wall causes expansion
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for applying enhanced guided active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation are provided. Exemplary systems include a load cell, a handle, an adhesive pad. The handle and the adhesive pad are configured for magnetic coupling.