Aceclidine Eye Drops for Presbyopia Depth of Focus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for presbyopia often result in significant side effects such as diminished distance vision, blurred vision, pain, redness, impaired night driving, and risk of retinal detachment, and require invasive procedures or the use of cycloplegic agents, which can have limitations in duration and efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a muscarinic agonist that preferentially activates M1 and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, specifically aceclidine, combined with nonionic surfactants and viscosity agents, which provides enhanced depth of focus without significant side effects, stabilizes the formulation, and reduces the need for cycloplegic agents, achieving prolonged and stable pupil miosis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional treatments for presbyopia are used, then near vision is improved, but distance vision deteriorates and side effects such as pain, redness, and risk of retinal detachment occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the pharmacological parameters by using a specific concentration range of aceclidine (0.25%-2.5%) combined with cycloplegic agents in controlled concentrations (0.004%-0.1%). This parameter optimization allows achieving near vision improvement while minimizing distance vision deterioration and side effects through precise dosage control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite pharmaceutical formulation combining aceclidine (a muscarinic agonist) with cycloplegic agents (atropine, cyclopentolate, or tropicamide). This composite approach balances the miotic effect of aceclidine with the cycloplegic effect of the companion drug, resolving the contradiction between improving near vision and maintaining distance vision while reducing side effects
2Duration of action of moving object
If cycloplegic agents are used to treat presbyopia, then duration of action is extended, but efficacy is limited and side effects increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two pharmacological mechanisms into a single formulation: the miotic effect of aceclidine (which improves near vision through pupil constriction) and the cycloplegic effect of companion drugs (which prolongs duration of action). This combination achieves both extended duration and maintained efficacy while reducing side effects through synergistic interaction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameters of both aceclidine (0.25%-2.5%) and cycloplegic agents (0.004%-0.1%) to achieve the desired balance between duration and efficacy. This parameter control ensures prolonged pupil miosis without excessive side effects or loss of near vision improvement
3Reliability
If invasive surgical procedures are performed to correct presbyopia, then permanent correction is achieved, but risk of complications and recovery time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical surgical interventions with a pharmacological approach using aceclidine and cycloplegic agents. This substitution eliminates surgical risks, anesthesia requirements, and recovery time while providing effective presbyopia correction through reversible pharmacological action on the pupil and ciliary muscle
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides compositions and methods for the treatment of presbyopia. The compositions preferably comprise aceclidine. The compositions optionally contain a surfactant and a viscosity agent.