Acellular Matrix Nerve Graft for Peripheral Repair
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for repairing peripheral nerve injuries, such as autologous nerve transplantation and scaffold material transplantation, face limitations including limited donor sources, inconsistent nerve diameter matching, slow nerve regeneration, and high manufacturing costs.
Innovation Solution
A cell matrix nerve graft comprising an acellular matrix derived from decellularized stem cells, wrapped around a biodegradable scaffold made of chitosan and recombinant human collagen, which facilitates cell adhesion, axon regeneration, and functional recovery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If autologous nerve transplantation is used to repair peripheral nerve defects, then nerve regeneration speed is improved, but donor source availability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses acellular matrix as a scaffold that copies the natural extracellular matrix structure, providing a template for nerve regeneration without requiring donor nerve tissue. This allows replication of the regenerative environment without consuming donor resources.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical and chemical parameters of the acellular matrix through controlled decellularization processes, optimizing properties such as porosity, mechanical strength, and biochemical composition to enhance nerve regeneration while using non-autologous sources.
2Quantity of substance
If scaffold material transplantation is used to repair peripheral nerve defects, then donor source availability is improved, but nerve regeneration speed deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite structure combining acellular matrix with biomimetic extracellular matrix components, integrating the advantages of both natural tissue architecture and engineered material properties to accelerate regeneration while maintaining source availability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary preparation of the acellular matrix scaffold before implantation, pre-loading it with growth factors, cytokines, or other bioactive molecules that prime the environment for rapid nerve regeneration upon implantation.
3Speed
If tissue-engineered nerve graft is used to guide nerve fiber extension, then nerve regeneration is improved, but treatment cost deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs acellular matrix derived from readily available sources that can be processed into single-use grafts, eliminating the need for expensive, complex tissue engineering procedures while maintaining effective nerve regeneration outcomes.
4Speed
If tissue-or organ-derived acellular matrix scaffold is used to repair peripheral nerve defects, then nerve regeneration support is improved, but immunogenicity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes cellular components from the matrix through decellularization processes, eliminating immunogenic cells while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and biochemical signals that support nerve regeneration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful immunogenic cells into beneficial acellular matrix structures by removing the harmful cellular components while retaining and utilizing the beneficial extracellular matrix framework for nerve regeneration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cell matrix nerve graft promotes rapid nerve regeneration and functional recovery by providing a natural extracellular matrix for cell adhesion and axon guidance, while avoiding immunogenicity and exogenous toxic substances, and offering good biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
Implementation Method 1
the acellular matrix is obtained by decellularization after secretion and formation of stem cells
Implementation Method 2
the acellular matrix is wrapped around the scaffold
Implementation Method 3
lyophilizing the tubular structure to construct the cell matrix nerve graft
Data Source
AI summary
A cell matrix nerve graft for repairing peripheral nerve injury and a preparation method thereof are provided. The cell matrix nerve graft comprises acellular matrix and a scaffold, wherein the acellular matrix is obtained by decellularization after secretion and formation of stem cells, and the acellular matrix is wrapped around the scaffold. The defects of autologous nerve transplantation repair can be overcome and the immunogenicity of allogeneic cell transplantation repair is avoided. The cell matrix nerve graft beneficial to nerve cell proliferation and migration is provided, a microenvironment beneficial to axon growth is established, the purposes of nerve regeneration and function repair are achieved, and a feasible solution is provided for clinical treatment of nerve defects.